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Bash - Looping through Array in Nested [FOR, WHILE, IF] statements



The 2019 Stack Overflow Developer Survey Results Are InWhy is using a shell loop to process text considered bad practice?How do I test if an item is in a bash array?How to name a file in the deepest level of a directory treeBash: Looping through a stringBASH: looping through lsBash script for looping through filesload bash comands from file one per line and execute them for each file in a directoryBASH attempting to leave nested statements/loops/functionsLooping through lines in several files (bash)Bash - Looping through nested for loop using arraysLooping through an array with for gives different resultsError in Bash Script Nested Conditional Statements



.everyoneloves__top-leaderboard:empty,.everyoneloves__mid-leaderboard:empty,.everyoneloves__bot-mid-leaderboard:empty margin-bottom:0;








3















I am trying to process a large file-set, appending specific lines into the "test_result.txt" file - I achieved it -not very elegantly- with the following code.



for i in *merged; do
while read -r lo; do
if [[ $lo == *"ID"* ]]; then
echo $lo >> test_result.txt
fi
if [[ $lo == *"Instance"* ]]; then
echo $lo >> test_result.txt
fi
if [[ $lo == *"NOT"* ]]; then
echo $lo >> test_result.txt
fi
if [[ $lo == *"AI"* ]]; then
echo $lo >> test_result.txt
fi
if [[ $lo == *"Sitting"* ]]; then
echo $lo >> test_result.txt

done < $i
done


However, I am trying to size-it-down using an array - which resulted in quite an unsuccessful attempt.



KEYWORDS=("ID" "Instance" "NOT" "AI" "Sitting" )
KEY_COUNT=0

for i in *merged; do
while read -r lo; do
if [[$lo == $KEYWORDS[@] ]]; then
echo $lo >> ~/Desktop/test_result.txt && KEY_COUNT="`expr $KEY_COUNT + 1`"
fi
done < $i
done









share|improve this question









New contributor




AF.BJ is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.















  • 3





    How large is the file set? This sounds like an XY problem that could be better accomplished by a straightforward grep command.

    – steeldriver
    yesterday






  • 2





    Small side note: Instead of KEY_COUNT="`expr $KEY_COUNT + 1`" you could also write ((KEY_COUNT++))

    – Freddy
    yesterday

















3















I am trying to process a large file-set, appending specific lines into the "test_result.txt" file - I achieved it -not very elegantly- with the following code.



for i in *merged; do
while read -r lo; do
if [[ $lo == *"ID"* ]]; then
echo $lo >> test_result.txt
fi
if [[ $lo == *"Instance"* ]]; then
echo $lo >> test_result.txt
fi
if [[ $lo == *"NOT"* ]]; then
echo $lo >> test_result.txt
fi
if [[ $lo == *"AI"* ]]; then
echo $lo >> test_result.txt
fi
if [[ $lo == *"Sitting"* ]]; then
echo $lo >> test_result.txt

done < $i
done


However, I am trying to size-it-down using an array - which resulted in quite an unsuccessful attempt.



KEYWORDS=("ID" "Instance" "NOT" "AI" "Sitting" )
KEY_COUNT=0

for i in *merged; do
while read -r lo; do
if [[$lo == $KEYWORDS[@] ]]; then
echo $lo >> ~/Desktop/test_result.txt && KEY_COUNT="`expr $KEY_COUNT + 1`"
fi
done < $i
done









share|improve this question









New contributor




AF.BJ is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.















  • 3





    How large is the file set? This sounds like an XY problem that could be better accomplished by a straightforward grep command.

    – steeldriver
    yesterday






  • 2





    Small side note: Instead of KEY_COUNT="`expr $KEY_COUNT + 1`" you could also write ((KEY_COUNT++))

    – Freddy
    yesterday













3












3








3








I am trying to process a large file-set, appending specific lines into the "test_result.txt" file - I achieved it -not very elegantly- with the following code.



for i in *merged; do
while read -r lo; do
if [[ $lo == *"ID"* ]]; then
echo $lo >> test_result.txt
fi
if [[ $lo == *"Instance"* ]]; then
echo $lo >> test_result.txt
fi
if [[ $lo == *"NOT"* ]]; then
echo $lo >> test_result.txt
fi
if [[ $lo == *"AI"* ]]; then
echo $lo >> test_result.txt
fi
if [[ $lo == *"Sitting"* ]]; then
echo $lo >> test_result.txt

done < $i
done


However, I am trying to size-it-down using an array - which resulted in quite an unsuccessful attempt.



KEYWORDS=("ID" "Instance" "NOT" "AI" "Sitting" )
KEY_COUNT=0

for i in *merged; do
while read -r lo; do
if [[$lo == $KEYWORDS[@] ]]; then
echo $lo >> ~/Desktop/test_result.txt && KEY_COUNT="`expr $KEY_COUNT + 1`"
fi
done < $i
done









share|improve this question









New contributor




AF.BJ is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.












I am trying to process a large file-set, appending specific lines into the "test_result.txt" file - I achieved it -not very elegantly- with the following code.



for i in *merged; do
while read -r lo; do
if [[ $lo == *"ID"* ]]; then
echo $lo >> test_result.txt
fi
if [[ $lo == *"Instance"* ]]; then
echo $lo >> test_result.txt
fi
if [[ $lo == *"NOT"* ]]; then
echo $lo >> test_result.txt
fi
if [[ $lo == *"AI"* ]]; then
echo $lo >> test_result.txt
fi
if [[ $lo == *"Sitting"* ]]; then
echo $lo >> test_result.txt

done < $i
done


However, I am trying to size-it-down using an array - which resulted in quite an unsuccessful attempt.



KEYWORDS=("ID" "Instance" "NOT" "AI" "Sitting" )
KEY_COUNT=0

for i in *merged; do
while read -r lo; do
if [[$lo == $KEYWORDS[@] ]]; then
echo $lo >> ~/Desktop/test_result.txt && KEY_COUNT="`expr $KEY_COUNT + 1`"
fi
done < $i
done






bash






share|improve this question









New contributor




AF.BJ is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.











share|improve this question









New contributor




AF.BJ is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.









share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited yesterday









Rui F Ribeiro

42k1483142




42k1483142






New contributor




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Check out our Code of Conduct.









asked yesterday









AF.BJAF.BJ

185




185




New contributor




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Check out our Code of Conduct.





New contributor





AF.BJ is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.






AF.BJ is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.







  • 3





    How large is the file set? This sounds like an XY problem that could be better accomplished by a straightforward grep command.

    – steeldriver
    yesterday






  • 2





    Small side note: Instead of KEY_COUNT="`expr $KEY_COUNT + 1`" you could also write ((KEY_COUNT++))

    – Freddy
    yesterday












  • 3





    How large is the file set? This sounds like an XY problem that could be better accomplished by a straightforward grep command.

    – steeldriver
    yesterday






  • 2





    Small side note: Instead of KEY_COUNT="`expr $KEY_COUNT + 1`" you could also write ((KEY_COUNT++))

    – Freddy
    yesterday







3




3





How large is the file set? This sounds like an XY problem that could be better accomplished by a straightforward grep command.

– steeldriver
yesterday





How large is the file set? This sounds like an XY problem that could be better accomplished by a straightforward grep command.

– steeldriver
yesterday




2




2





Small side note: Instead of KEY_COUNT="`expr $KEY_COUNT + 1`" you could also write ((KEY_COUNT++))

– Freddy
yesterday





Small side note: Instead of KEY_COUNT="`expr $KEY_COUNT + 1`" you could also write ((KEY_COUNT++))

– Freddy
yesterday










2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















5














It looks like you want to get all the lines that contains at least one out of a set of words, from a set of files.



Assuming that you don't have many thousands of files, you could do that with a single grep command:



grep -wE '(ID|Instance|NOT|AI|Sitting)' ./*merged >outputfile


This would extract the lines matching any of the words listed in the pattern from the files whose names matches *merged.



The -w with grep ensures that the given strings are not matched as substrings (i.e. NOT will not be matched in NOTICE). The -E option enables the alternation with | in the pattern.



Add the -h option to the command if you don't want the names of the files containing matching lines in the output.



If you do have many thousands of files, the above command may fail due to expanding to a too long command line. In that case, you may want to do something like



for file in ./*merged; do
grep -wE '(ID|Instance|NOT|AI|Sitting)' "$file"
done >outputfile


which would run the grep command once on each file, or,



find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -name '*merged' 
-exec grep -wE '(ID|Instance|NOT|AI|Sitting)' + >outputfile


which would do as few invocations of grep as possible with as many files as possible at once.



Related:



  • Why is using a shell loop to process text considered bad practice?





share|improve this answer




















  • 1





    It is indeed a file-set of a few thousand. Originally, I built other processes into the loop but running grep separately - before the extra tweakings - it's a cleaner solution. Just needed to add the "-h" option to suppress default prefixes - Thnks.

    – AF.BJ
    yesterday











  • @AF.BJ since this answer solved your problem, consider accepting it: What should I do when someone answers my question?

    – muru
    yesterday


















3














Adding an array doesn't particularly help: you still would need to loop over the elements of the array (see How do I test if an item is in a bash array?):



while read -r lo; do
for keyword in "$keywords[@]"; do
if [[ $lo == *$keyword* ]]; then
echo $lo >> ~/Desktop/test_result.txt && KEY_COUNT="`expr $KEY_COUNT + 1`"
fi
done
done < "$i"


It might be better to use a case statement:



while read -r lo; do
case $lo in
*(ID|Instance|NOT|AI|Sitting)*)
echo "$lo" >> ~/Desktop/test_result.txt && KEY_COUNT="`expr $KEY_COUNT + 1`"
;;
esac
done < "$i"


(I assume you do further processing of these lines within the loop. If not, grep or awk could do this more efficiently.)






share|improve this answer























    Your Answer








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    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes








    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

    votes






    active

    oldest

    votes









    5














    It looks like you want to get all the lines that contains at least one out of a set of words, from a set of files.



    Assuming that you don't have many thousands of files, you could do that with a single grep command:



    grep -wE '(ID|Instance|NOT|AI|Sitting)' ./*merged >outputfile


    This would extract the lines matching any of the words listed in the pattern from the files whose names matches *merged.



    The -w with grep ensures that the given strings are not matched as substrings (i.e. NOT will not be matched in NOTICE). The -E option enables the alternation with | in the pattern.



    Add the -h option to the command if you don't want the names of the files containing matching lines in the output.



    If you do have many thousands of files, the above command may fail due to expanding to a too long command line. In that case, you may want to do something like



    for file in ./*merged; do
    grep -wE '(ID|Instance|NOT|AI|Sitting)' "$file"
    done >outputfile


    which would run the grep command once on each file, or,



    find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -name '*merged' 
    -exec grep -wE '(ID|Instance|NOT|AI|Sitting)' + >outputfile


    which would do as few invocations of grep as possible with as many files as possible at once.



    Related:



    • Why is using a shell loop to process text considered bad practice?





    share|improve this answer




















    • 1





      It is indeed a file-set of a few thousand. Originally, I built other processes into the loop but running grep separately - before the extra tweakings - it's a cleaner solution. Just needed to add the "-h" option to suppress default prefixes - Thnks.

      – AF.BJ
      yesterday











    • @AF.BJ since this answer solved your problem, consider accepting it: What should I do when someone answers my question?

      – muru
      yesterday















    5














    It looks like you want to get all the lines that contains at least one out of a set of words, from a set of files.



    Assuming that you don't have many thousands of files, you could do that with a single grep command:



    grep -wE '(ID|Instance|NOT|AI|Sitting)' ./*merged >outputfile


    This would extract the lines matching any of the words listed in the pattern from the files whose names matches *merged.



    The -w with grep ensures that the given strings are not matched as substrings (i.e. NOT will not be matched in NOTICE). The -E option enables the alternation with | in the pattern.



    Add the -h option to the command if you don't want the names of the files containing matching lines in the output.



    If you do have many thousands of files, the above command may fail due to expanding to a too long command line. In that case, you may want to do something like



    for file in ./*merged; do
    grep -wE '(ID|Instance|NOT|AI|Sitting)' "$file"
    done >outputfile


    which would run the grep command once on each file, or,



    find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -name '*merged' 
    -exec grep -wE '(ID|Instance|NOT|AI|Sitting)' + >outputfile


    which would do as few invocations of grep as possible with as many files as possible at once.



    Related:



    • Why is using a shell loop to process text considered bad practice?





    share|improve this answer




















    • 1





      It is indeed a file-set of a few thousand. Originally, I built other processes into the loop but running grep separately - before the extra tweakings - it's a cleaner solution. Just needed to add the "-h" option to suppress default prefixes - Thnks.

      – AF.BJ
      yesterday











    • @AF.BJ since this answer solved your problem, consider accepting it: What should I do when someone answers my question?

      – muru
      yesterday













    5












    5








    5







    It looks like you want to get all the lines that contains at least one out of a set of words, from a set of files.



    Assuming that you don't have many thousands of files, you could do that with a single grep command:



    grep -wE '(ID|Instance|NOT|AI|Sitting)' ./*merged >outputfile


    This would extract the lines matching any of the words listed in the pattern from the files whose names matches *merged.



    The -w with grep ensures that the given strings are not matched as substrings (i.e. NOT will not be matched in NOTICE). The -E option enables the alternation with | in the pattern.



    Add the -h option to the command if you don't want the names of the files containing matching lines in the output.



    If you do have many thousands of files, the above command may fail due to expanding to a too long command line. In that case, you may want to do something like



    for file in ./*merged; do
    grep -wE '(ID|Instance|NOT|AI|Sitting)' "$file"
    done >outputfile


    which would run the grep command once on each file, or,



    find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -name '*merged' 
    -exec grep -wE '(ID|Instance|NOT|AI|Sitting)' + >outputfile


    which would do as few invocations of grep as possible with as many files as possible at once.



    Related:



    • Why is using a shell loop to process text considered bad practice?





    share|improve this answer















    It looks like you want to get all the lines that contains at least one out of a set of words, from a set of files.



    Assuming that you don't have many thousands of files, you could do that with a single grep command:



    grep -wE '(ID|Instance|NOT|AI|Sitting)' ./*merged >outputfile


    This would extract the lines matching any of the words listed in the pattern from the files whose names matches *merged.



    The -w with grep ensures that the given strings are not matched as substrings (i.e. NOT will not be matched in NOTICE). The -E option enables the alternation with | in the pattern.



    Add the -h option to the command if you don't want the names of the files containing matching lines in the output.



    If you do have many thousands of files, the above command may fail due to expanding to a too long command line. In that case, you may want to do something like



    for file in ./*merged; do
    grep -wE '(ID|Instance|NOT|AI|Sitting)' "$file"
    done >outputfile


    which would run the grep command once on each file, or,



    find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -name '*merged' 
    -exec grep -wE '(ID|Instance|NOT|AI|Sitting)' + >outputfile


    which would do as few invocations of grep as possible with as many files as possible at once.



    Related:



    • Why is using a shell loop to process text considered bad practice?






    share|improve this answer














    share|improve this answer



    share|improve this answer








    edited yesterday

























    answered yesterday









    KusalanandaKusalananda

    141k17263439




    141k17263439







    • 1





      It is indeed a file-set of a few thousand. Originally, I built other processes into the loop but running grep separately - before the extra tweakings - it's a cleaner solution. Just needed to add the "-h" option to suppress default prefixes - Thnks.

      – AF.BJ
      yesterday











    • @AF.BJ since this answer solved your problem, consider accepting it: What should I do when someone answers my question?

      – muru
      yesterday












    • 1





      It is indeed a file-set of a few thousand. Originally, I built other processes into the loop but running grep separately - before the extra tweakings - it's a cleaner solution. Just needed to add the "-h" option to suppress default prefixes - Thnks.

      – AF.BJ
      yesterday











    • @AF.BJ since this answer solved your problem, consider accepting it: What should I do when someone answers my question?

      – muru
      yesterday







    1




    1





    It is indeed a file-set of a few thousand. Originally, I built other processes into the loop but running grep separately - before the extra tweakings - it's a cleaner solution. Just needed to add the "-h" option to suppress default prefixes - Thnks.

    – AF.BJ
    yesterday





    It is indeed a file-set of a few thousand. Originally, I built other processes into the loop but running grep separately - before the extra tweakings - it's a cleaner solution. Just needed to add the "-h" option to suppress default prefixes - Thnks.

    – AF.BJ
    yesterday













    @AF.BJ since this answer solved your problem, consider accepting it: What should I do when someone answers my question?

    – muru
    yesterday





    @AF.BJ since this answer solved your problem, consider accepting it: What should I do when someone answers my question?

    – muru
    yesterday













    3














    Adding an array doesn't particularly help: you still would need to loop over the elements of the array (see How do I test if an item is in a bash array?):



    while read -r lo; do
    for keyword in "$keywords[@]"; do
    if [[ $lo == *$keyword* ]]; then
    echo $lo >> ~/Desktop/test_result.txt && KEY_COUNT="`expr $KEY_COUNT + 1`"
    fi
    done
    done < "$i"


    It might be better to use a case statement:



    while read -r lo; do
    case $lo in
    *(ID|Instance|NOT|AI|Sitting)*)
    echo "$lo" >> ~/Desktop/test_result.txt && KEY_COUNT="`expr $KEY_COUNT + 1`"
    ;;
    esac
    done < "$i"


    (I assume you do further processing of these lines within the loop. If not, grep or awk could do this more efficiently.)






    share|improve this answer



























      3














      Adding an array doesn't particularly help: you still would need to loop over the elements of the array (see How do I test if an item is in a bash array?):



      while read -r lo; do
      for keyword in "$keywords[@]"; do
      if [[ $lo == *$keyword* ]]; then
      echo $lo >> ~/Desktop/test_result.txt && KEY_COUNT="`expr $KEY_COUNT + 1`"
      fi
      done
      done < "$i"


      It might be better to use a case statement:



      while read -r lo; do
      case $lo in
      *(ID|Instance|NOT|AI|Sitting)*)
      echo "$lo" >> ~/Desktop/test_result.txt && KEY_COUNT="`expr $KEY_COUNT + 1`"
      ;;
      esac
      done < "$i"


      (I assume you do further processing of these lines within the loop. If not, grep or awk could do this more efficiently.)






      share|improve this answer

























        3












        3








        3







        Adding an array doesn't particularly help: you still would need to loop over the elements of the array (see How do I test if an item is in a bash array?):



        while read -r lo; do
        for keyword in "$keywords[@]"; do
        if [[ $lo == *$keyword* ]]; then
        echo $lo >> ~/Desktop/test_result.txt && KEY_COUNT="`expr $KEY_COUNT + 1`"
        fi
        done
        done < "$i"


        It might be better to use a case statement:



        while read -r lo; do
        case $lo in
        *(ID|Instance|NOT|AI|Sitting)*)
        echo "$lo" >> ~/Desktop/test_result.txt && KEY_COUNT="`expr $KEY_COUNT + 1`"
        ;;
        esac
        done < "$i"


        (I assume you do further processing of these lines within the loop. If not, grep or awk could do this more efficiently.)






        share|improve this answer













        Adding an array doesn't particularly help: you still would need to loop over the elements of the array (see How do I test if an item is in a bash array?):



        while read -r lo; do
        for keyword in "$keywords[@]"; do
        if [[ $lo == *$keyword* ]]; then
        echo $lo >> ~/Desktop/test_result.txt && KEY_COUNT="`expr $KEY_COUNT + 1`"
        fi
        done
        done < "$i"


        It might be better to use a case statement:



        while read -r lo; do
        case $lo in
        *(ID|Instance|NOT|AI|Sitting)*)
        echo "$lo" >> ~/Desktop/test_result.txt && KEY_COUNT="`expr $KEY_COUNT + 1`"
        ;;
        esac
        done < "$i"


        (I assume you do further processing of these lines within the loop. If not, grep or awk could do this more efficiently.)







        share|improve this answer












        share|improve this answer



        share|improve this answer










        answered yesterday









        murumuru

        37.6k589164




        37.6k589164




















            AF.BJ is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.









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