नेल्स हेनरिक एबल परिचय दिक्चालन सूचीबढ़ाने मेंसं

गणितज्ञ


नार्वेगणितज्ञऑसलोजर्मनीफ्रांससमीकरणों के सिद्धान्तबीजगणितएबल का समीकरणएबल के फलन








नेल्स हेनरिक एबल


नेल्स हेनरिक एबल (Niels Henrik Abel ; १८०३-१८२९ ई.) नार्वे के गणितज्ञ थे।



परिचय


नेल्स हेनरिक एबल का जन्म २५ अगस्त १८०३ ई. को हुआ। इनकी शिक्षा क्रिस्टिआनिया विश्वविद्यालय (ऑसलो) में हुई। १८२५ ई. में राजकीय छात्रवृत्ति पाकर ये गणित-अध्ययन के लिए जर्मनी और फ्रांस गए, परंतु आर्थिक कारणों से १८२७ ई. में इन्हें नार्वे लौटना पड़ा और वहाँ पर ६ अप्रैल १८२९ ई. को केवल २६ वर्ष की आयु में इनकी मृत्यु हो गई। इतने अल्प समय में भी गणित को आबेल ने अपूर्व देन दी है।


समीकरणों के सिद्धान्त में इन्होंने पंचघातीय व्यापक समीकरण के हल की असंभवता सिद्ध की; यह ज्ञात किया कि बीजगणित की सहायता से कौन-कौन से समीकरण हल किए जा सकते हैं और उस समीकरण को हल करने की विधि प्रदान की जिसे अब 'एबल का समीकरण' कहा जाता है। फलनों के सिद्धांत में इन्होंने दीर्घवृत्तीय फलनों (जिन्हें अब एबल के फलन कहते हैं) पर अनेक महत्वपूर्ण अनुसंधान किए। समाकलन (इन्टीग्रल कैलकुलस) में इनकी प्रसिद्ध देन वे अनुकल हैं जो अब 'एबल के अनुकल' कहलाते हैं। एबल के अति दीर्घवृत्तीय अनुकल इन्हीं के विशिष्ट रूप हैं।







-गणितज्ञ
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