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There is only s̶i̶x̶t̶y one place he can be


Can you stop the rambling rook?Copycat Chess (Part 1/3)Queen & “paralyzed” King vs KingMonte Carlo ChessThe Swedish king and the chessboardCheckmate all the kings #1Checkmate all the kings #3The Fastest Queen Trap (Chess)Loser Chess : another proof gameHalloween chess: Vampires and Zombies and Bats, oh my!













23












$begingroup$


This puzzle is not mine, although I don't have any reference as to where it originated from. I discovered it when I was a student, some fifteen years ago. It has been among my favourite chess puzzles since then. Could be very well known or a duplicate, but I couldn't find it in the database.



The following position is legal, except that the White King (and the White King only) is not displayed. Find it.



                  










share|improve this question









$endgroup$







  • 3




    $begingroup$
    It appears this problem may have originated from The Chess Mysteries of the Arabian Knights by Raymond Smullyan.
    $endgroup$
    – noedne
    yesterday






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Related on Chess.SE: How does one know if a position is not reachable from a series of legal moves from the starting position?, showing some examples of this kind of puzzle (retrograde analysis), including this particular one.
    $endgroup$
    – Andrew T.
    16 hours ago















23












$begingroup$


This puzzle is not mine, although I don't have any reference as to where it originated from. I discovered it when I was a student, some fifteen years ago. It has been among my favourite chess puzzles since then. Could be very well known or a duplicate, but I couldn't find it in the database.



The following position is legal, except that the White King (and the White King only) is not displayed. Find it.



                  










share|improve this question









$endgroup$







  • 3




    $begingroup$
    It appears this problem may have originated from The Chess Mysteries of the Arabian Knights by Raymond Smullyan.
    $endgroup$
    – noedne
    yesterday






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Related on Chess.SE: How does one know if a position is not reachable from a series of legal moves from the starting position?, showing some examples of this kind of puzzle (retrograde analysis), including this particular one.
    $endgroup$
    – Andrew T.
    16 hours ago













23












23








23


1



$begingroup$


This puzzle is not mine, although I don't have any reference as to where it originated from. I discovered it when I was a student, some fifteen years ago. It has been among my favourite chess puzzles since then. Could be very well known or a duplicate, but I couldn't find it in the database.



The following position is legal, except that the White King (and the White King only) is not displayed. Find it.



                  










share|improve this question









$endgroup$




This puzzle is not mine, although I don't have any reference as to where it originated from. I discovered it when I was a student, some fifteen years ago. It has been among my favourite chess puzzles since then. Could be very well known or a duplicate, but I couldn't find it in the database.



The following position is legal, except that the White King (and the White King only) is not displayed. Find it.



                  







chess






share|improve this question













share|improve this question











share|improve this question




share|improve this question










asked yesterday









Arnaud MortierArnaud Mortier

1,719523




1,719523







  • 3




    $begingroup$
    It appears this problem may have originated from The Chess Mysteries of the Arabian Knights by Raymond Smullyan.
    $endgroup$
    – noedne
    yesterday






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Related on Chess.SE: How does one know if a position is not reachable from a series of legal moves from the starting position?, showing some examples of this kind of puzzle (retrograde analysis), including this particular one.
    $endgroup$
    – Andrew T.
    16 hours ago












  • 3




    $begingroup$
    It appears this problem may have originated from The Chess Mysteries of the Arabian Knights by Raymond Smullyan.
    $endgroup$
    – noedne
    yesterday






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Related on Chess.SE: How does one know if a position is not reachable from a series of legal moves from the starting position?, showing some examples of this kind of puzzle (retrograde analysis), including this particular one.
    $endgroup$
    – Andrew T.
    16 hours ago







3




3




$begingroup$
It appears this problem may have originated from The Chess Mysteries of the Arabian Knights by Raymond Smullyan.
$endgroup$
– noedne
yesterday




$begingroup$
It appears this problem may have originated from The Chess Mysteries of the Arabian Knights by Raymond Smullyan.
$endgroup$
– noedne
yesterday




1




1




$begingroup$
Related on Chess.SE: How does one know if a position is not reachable from a series of legal moves from the starting position?, showing some examples of this kind of puzzle (retrograde analysis), including this particular one.
$endgroup$
– Andrew T.
16 hours ago




$begingroup$
Related on Chess.SE: How does one know if a position is not reachable from a series of legal moves from the starting position?, showing some examples of this kind of puzzle (retrograde analysis), including this particular one.
$endgroup$
– Andrew T.
16 hours ago










2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















19












$begingroup$

The white king must be on square




c3




Explanation:




First, we determine which side is to move. Unless the white king blocks the a4-d1 diagonal, the black king is in check. The king can't be on c2 since it would attack the black king; on b3, White would be to move but there's no way this double-check could have happened in a real game; there's no way to clear both the b3-d5 diagonal and the b3-b5 file with one move from the black rook or the black bishop. Black simply couldn't have played Bb4-d5 or Rc4-b5. So the black king is in check and White made the last move.




So, what was the last move?




The bishop can't have moved along the d1-a4 diagonal, because it would give check on c2 and d3 as well. So it must be a discovered check, caused by a move from the white king, from b3 to another square.




But ...




doesn't this lead to the same problem as before? On b3, the White king is still in double check. No, because there is a move which simultaneously clears the b3-d5 diagonal and the b3-b5 file, but it requires extra pieces: an en-passant capture from b4 to c3, capturing a pawn on c4. Since we have an extra (half-)move compared to the situation above, we can use that move to get rid of the black pawn.




So,




if White played 1. c2-c4, Black can play 1... b4xc3 e.p., White responds with 2. Kxc3 and we're in the diagram in the question with the White king on c3.







share|improve this answer











$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    ... but it doesn't include an explanation why this is the only possible solution (which took me a while to write down...)
    $endgroup$
    – Glorfindel
    yesterday






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    @ArnaudMortier Glorfindel's answer eliminates other possibilities.
    $endgroup$
    – noedne
    yesterday


















13












$begingroup$


The last move in this position was Bd5+. White blocked the check with c4, black gave double check by capturing en passant bxc, and the king took the pawn on c3.
chessboard







share|improve this answer









$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    Um... to me, it looks like rot13(gur cnja vf ba p2)... :P
    $endgroup$
    – EKons
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    I've ROT13-ed part of the comment so that it doesn't appear as an immediate spoiler. Check the image you've posted.
    $endgroup$
    – EKons
    yesterday











  • $begingroup$
    That was super quick. Did you know the problem before? Do you know where it is from?
    $endgroup$
    – Arnaud Mortier
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    Your answer says that "rot13(gur xvat gbbx gur cnja ba p3)", however that square looks empty, unless there's actually more behind the image.
    $endgroup$
    – EKons
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    @EKons After the black pawn captures en passant, it is on c3 for the white king to capture.
    $endgroup$
    – noedne
    yesterday










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2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes








2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes









active

oldest

votes






active

oldest

votes









19












$begingroup$

The white king must be on square




c3




Explanation:




First, we determine which side is to move. Unless the white king blocks the a4-d1 diagonal, the black king is in check. The king can't be on c2 since it would attack the black king; on b3, White would be to move but there's no way this double-check could have happened in a real game; there's no way to clear both the b3-d5 diagonal and the b3-b5 file with one move from the black rook or the black bishop. Black simply couldn't have played Bb4-d5 or Rc4-b5. So the black king is in check and White made the last move.




So, what was the last move?




The bishop can't have moved along the d1-a4 diagonal, because it would give check on c2 and d3 as well. So it must be a discovered check, caused by a move from the white king, from b3 to another square.




But ...




doesn't this lead to the same problem as before? On b3, the White king is still in double check. No, because there is a move which simultaneously clears the b3-d5 diagonal and the b3-b5 file, but it requires extra pieces: an en-passant capture from b4 to c3, capturing a pawn on c4. Since we have an extra (half-)move compared to the situation above, we can use that move to get rid of the black pawn.




So,




if White played 1. c2-c4, Black can play 1... b4xc3 e.p., White responds with 2. Kxc3 and we're in the diagram in the question with the White king on c3.







share|improve this answer











$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    ... but it doesn't include an explanation why this is the only possible solution (which took me a while to write down...)
    $endgroup$
    – Glorfindel
    yesterday






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    @ArnaudMortier Glorfindel's answer eliminates other possibilities.
    $endgroup$
    – noedne
    yesterday















19












$begingroup$

The white king must be on square




c3




Explanation:




First, we determine which side is to move. Unless the white king blocks the a4-d1 diagonal, the black king is in check. The king can't be on c2 since it would attack the black king; on b3, White would be to move but there's no way this double-check could have happened in a real game; there's no way to clear both the b3-d5 diagonal and the b3-b5 file with one move from the black rook or the black bishop. Black simply couldn't have played Bb4-d5 or Rc4-b5. So the black king is in check and White made the last move.




So, what was the last move?




The bishop can't have moved along the d1-a4 diagonal, because it would give check on c2 and d3 as well. So it must be a discovered check, caused by a move from the white king, from b3 to another square.




But ...




doesn't this lead to the same problem as before? On b3, the White king is still in double check. No, because there is a move which simultaneously clears the b3-d5 diagonal and the b3-b5 file, but it requires extra pieces: an en-passant capture from b4 to c3, capturing a pawn on c4. Since we have an extra (half-)move compared to the situation above, we can use that move to get rid of the black pawn.




So,




if White played 1. c2-c4, Black can play 1... b4xc3 e.p., White responds with 2. Kxc3 and we're in the diagram in the question with the White king on c3.







share|improve this answer











$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    ... but it doesn't include an explanation why this is the only possible solution (which took me a while to write down...)
    $endgroup$
    – Glorfindel
    yesterday






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    @ArnaudMortier Glorfindel's answer eliminates other possibilities.
    $endgroup$
    – noedne
    yesterday













19












19








19





$begingroup$

The white king must be on square




c3




Explanation:




First, we determine which side is to move. Unless the white king blocks the a4-d1 diagonal, the black king is in check. The king can't be on c2 since it would attack the black king; on b3, White would be to move but there's no way this double-check could have happened in a real game; there's no way to clear both the b3-d5 diagonal and the b3-b5 file with one move from the black rook or the black bishop. Black simply couldn't have played Bb4-d5 or Rc4-b5. So the black king is in check and White made the last move.




So, what was the last move?




The bishop can't have moved along the d1-a4 diagonal, because it would give check on c2 and d3 as well. So it must be a discovered check, caused by a move from the white king, from b3 to another square.




But ...




doesn't this lead to the same problem as before? On b3, the White king is still in double check. No, because there is a move which simultaneously clears the b3-d5 diagonal and the b3-b5 file, but it requires extra pieces: an en-passant capture from b4 to c3, capturing a pawn on c4. Since we have an extra (half-)move compared to the situation above, we can use that move to get rid of the black pawn.




So,




if White played 1. c2-c4, Black can play 1... b4xc3 e.p., White responds with 2. Kxc3 and we're in the diagram in the question with the White king on c3.







share|improve this answer











$endgroup$



The white king must be on square




c3




Explanation:




First, we determine which side is to move. Unless the white king blocks the a4-d1 diagonal, the black king is in check. The king can't be on c2 since it would attack the black king; on b3, White would be to move but there's no way this double-check could have happened in a real game; there's no way to clear both the b3-d5 diagonal and the b3-b5 file with one move from the black rook or the black bishop. Black simply couldn't have played Bb4-d5 or Rc4-b5. So the black king is in check and White made the last move.




So, what was the last move?




The bishop can't have moved along the d1-a4 diagonal, because it would give check on c2 and d3 as well. So it must be a discovered check, caused by a move from the white king, from b3 to another square.




But ...




doesn't this lead to the same problem as before? On b3, the White king is still in double check. No, because there is a move which simultaneously clears the b3-d5 diagonal and the b3-b5 file, but it requires extra pieces: an en-passant capture from b4 to c3, capturing a pawn on c4. Since we have an extra (half-)move compared to the situation above, we can use that move to get rid of the black pawn.




So,




if White played 1. c2-c4, Black can play 1... b4xc3 e.p., White responds with 2. Kxc3 and we're in the diagram in the question with the White king on c3.








share|improve this answer














share|improve this answer



share|improve this answer








edited yesterday

























answered yesterday









GlorfindelGlorfindel

14.3k45286




14.3k45286











  • $begingroup$
    ... but it doesn't include an explanation why this is the only possible solution (which took me a while to write down...)
    $endgroup$
    – Glorfindel
    yesterday






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    @ArnaudMortier Glorfindel's answer eliminates other possibilities.
    $endgroup$
    – noedne
    yesterday
















  • $begingroup$
    ... but it doesn't include an explanation why this is the only possible solution (which took me a while to write down...)
    $endgroup$
    – Glorfindel
    yesterday






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    @ArnaudMortier Glorfindel's answer eliminates other possibilities.
    $endgroup$
    – noedne
    yesterday















$begingroup$
... but it doesn't include an explanation why this is the only possible solution (which took me a while to write down...)
$endgroup$
– Glorfindel
yesterday




$begingroup$
... but it doesn't include an explanation why this is the only possible solution (which took me a while to write down...)
$endgroup$
– Glorfindel
yesterday




3




3




$begingroup$
@ArnaudMortier Glorfindel's answer eliminates other possibilities.
$endgroup$
– noedne
yesterday




$begingroup$
@ArnaudMortier Glorfindel's answer eliminates other possibilities.
$endgroup$
– noedne
yesterday











13












$begingroup$


The last move in this position was Bd5+. White blocked the check with c4, black gave double check by capturing en passant bxc, and the king took the pawn on c3.
chessboard







share|improve this answer









$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    Um... to me, it looks like rot13(gur cnja vf ba p2)... :P
    $endgroup$
    – EKons
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    I've ROT13-ed part of the comment so that it doesn't appear as an immediate spoiler. Check the image you've posted.
    $endgroup$
    – EKons
    yesterday











  • $begingroup$
    That was super quick. Did you know the problem before? Do you know where it is from?
    $endgroup$
    – Arnaud Mortier
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    Your answer says that "rot13(gur xvat gbbx gur cnja ba p3)", however that square looks empty, unless there's actually more behind the image.
    $endgroup$
    – EKons
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    @EKons After the black pawn captures en passant, it is on c3 for the white king to capture.
    $endgroup$
    – noedne
    yesterday















13












$begingroup$


The last move in this position was Bd5+. White blocked the check with c4, black gave double check by capturing en passant bxc, and the king took the pawn on c3.
chessboard







share|improve this answer









$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    Um... to me, it looks like rot13(gur cnja vf ba p2)... :P
    $endgroup$
    – EKons
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    I've ROT13-ed part of the comment so that it doesn't appear as an immediate spoiler. Check the image you've posted.
    $endgroup$
    – EKons
    yesterday











  • $begingroup$
    That was super quick. Did you know the problem before? Do you know where it is from?
    $endgroup$
    – Arnaud Mortier
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    Your answer says that "rot13(gur xvat gbbx gur cnja ba p3)", however that square looks empty, unless there's actually more behind the image.
    $endgroup$
    – EKons
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    @EKons After the black pawn captures en passant, it is on c3 for the white king to capture.
    $endgroup$
    – noedne
    yesterday













13












13








13





$begingroup$


The last move in this position was Bd5+. White blocked the check with c4, black gave double check by capturing en passant bxc, and the king took the pawn on c3.
chessboard







share|improve this answer









$endgroup$




The last move in this position was Bd5+. White blocked the check with c4, black gave double check by capturing en passant bxc, and the king took the pawn on c3.
chessboard








share|improve this answer












share|improve this answer



share|improve this answer










answered yesterday









noednenoedne

7,88212261




7,88212261











  • $begingroup$
    Um... to me, it looks like rot13(gur cnja vf ba p2)... :P
    $endgroup$
    – EKons
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    I've ROT13-ed part of the comment so that it doesn't appear as an immediate spoiler. Check the image you've posted.
    $endgroup$
    – EKons
    yesterday











  • $begingroup$
    That was super quick. Did you know the problem before? Do you know where it is from?
    $endgroup$
    – Arnaud Mortier
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    Your answer says that "rot13(gur xvat gbbx gur cnja ba p3)", however that square looks empty, unless there's actually more behind the image.
    $endgroup$
    – EKons
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    @EKons After the black pawn captures en passant, it is on c3 for the white king to capture.
    $endgroup$
    – noedne
    yesterday
















  • $begingroup$
    Um... to me, it looks like rot13(gur cnja vf ba p2)... :P
    $endgroup$
    – EKons
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    I've ROT13-ed part of the comment so that it doesn't appear as an immediate spoiler. Check the image you've posted.
    $endgroup$
    – EKons
    yesterday











  • $begingroup$
    That was super quick. Did you know the problem before? Do you know where it is from?
    $endgroup$
    – Arnaud Mortier
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    Your answer says that "rot13(gur xvat gbbx gur cnja ba p3)", however that square looks empty, unless there's actually more behind the image.
    $endgroup$
    – EKons
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    @EKons After the black pawn captures en passant, it is on c3 for the white king to capture.
    $endgroup$
    – noedne
    yesterday















$begingroup$
Um... to me, it looks like rot13(gur cnja vf ba p2)... :P
$endgroup$
– EKons
yesterday




$begingroup$
Um... to me, it looks like rot13(gur cnja vf ba p2)... :P
$endgroup$
– EKons
yesterday












$begingroup$
I've ROT13-ed part of the comment so that it doesn't appear as an immediate spoiler. Check the image you've posted.
$endgroup$
– EKons
yesterday





$begingroup$
I've ROT13-ed part of the comment so that it doesn't appear as an immediate spoiler. Check the image you've posted.
$endgroup$
– EKons
yesterday













$begingroup$
That was super quick. Did you know the problem before? Do you know where it is from?
$endgroup$
– Arnaud Mortier
yesterday




$begingroup$
That was super quick. Did you know the problem before? Do you know where it is from?
$endgroup$
– Arnaud Mortier
yesterday












$begingroup$
Your answer says that "rot13(gur xvat gbbx gur cnja ba p3)", however that square looks empty, unless there's actually more behind the image.
$endgroup$
– EKons
yesterday




$begingroup$
Your answer says that "rot13(gur xvat gbbx gur cnja ba p3)", however that square looks empty, unless there's actually more behind the image.
$endgroup$
– EKons
yesterday












$begingroup$
@EKons After the black pawn captures en passant, it is on c3 for the white king to capture.
$endgroup$
– noedne
yesterday




$begingroup$
@EKons After the black pawn captures en passant, it is on c3 for the white king to capture.
$endgroup$
– noedne
yesterday

















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