Cai Chang Early life Career References Navigation menu"1990年9月11日 蔡畅因病在北京逝世--资料中心--中国共产党新闻网""蔡畅 简历 - 名人简历""Decree Regarding Marriage"ee0000 0000 8267 6792n850132827527232675272326

Soong Ching-lingLin BoquLi JishenZhang LanLuo RonghuanShen JunruGuo MoruoHuang YanpeiPeng ZhenLi WeihanChen ShutongTenzin Gyatso, Dalai LamaSaifuddin AziziCheng QianPeng ZhenLiu BochengLi JingquanKang ShengGuo MoruoHe XiangningHuang YanpeiChen ShutongLi XuefengXu XiangqianYang MingxuanCheng QianSaifuddin AziziLin FengLiu NingyiZhang ZhizhongNgapoi Ngawang JigmeZhou JianrenSoong Ching-lingNie RongzhenLiu BochengUlanhuWu DeWei GuoqingChen YunGuo MoruoTan ZhenlinLi JingquanZhang DingchengCai ChangDeng YingchaoSaifuddin AziziLiao ChengzhiJi PengfeiNgapoi Ngawang JigmeZhou JianrenXu DehengHu JuewenPeng ZhenXiao JinguangZhu YunshanShi LiangPeng ChongXi ZhongxunSu YuYang ShangkunChoekyi Gyaltsen, Panchen ErdeniZhu XuefanXi ZhongxunUlanhuPeng ChongWei GuoqingZhu XuefanNgapoi Ngawang JigmeChoekyi Gyaltsen, Panchen ErdeniSaifuddin AziziZhou GuchengYan JiciRong YirenYe FeiLiao HanshengNi ZhifuChen MuhuaFei XiaotongSun QimengLei JieqiongWang HanbinTian JiyunXie FeiJiang ChunyunZou JiahuaPagbalha Geleg NamgyaiWang GuangyingCheng SiyuanBuheTömür DawamatWu JiepingPeng PeiyunHe LuliZhou GuangzhaoCheng KejieCao ZhiDing ShisunCheng SiweiXu JialuJiang ZhenghuaWang ZhaoguoLu YongxiangUyunqimgHan QideHua JianminChen ZhiliZhou TienongLi JianguoIsmail TiliwaldiJiang ShushengChen ChangzhiYan JunqiSang GuoweiWang ChenCao JianmingZhang ChunxianShen YueyueJi BingxuanArken ImirbakiWan ExiangChen ZhuWang DongmingPadma CholingDing ZhongliHao MingjinCai DafengWu WeihuaCai ChangKang KeqingChen MuhuaPeng PeiyunGu XiulianChen ZhiliShen Yueyue


1900 births1990 deathsCommunist Party of China politicians from HunanEducators from HunanChinese women's rights activistsPoliticians from XiangtanPeople's Republic of China politicians from HunanRepublic of China politicians from Hunan


Chinesewomen's rightsAll-China Women's Federationlower middle classChinacelibacyarranged marriageChangshaNew People's Study Societywork studyMao ZedongCai HesenXiang JingyuanarchismMarxismLeninismCommunist University of the Toilers of the EastMoscowLi Fuchunphysical educationCommunist Party of ChinaNationalist PartyLong MarchAll-China Women's FederationPeople's Republic of China




Not to be confused with Cai Cheng.

This is a Chinese name; the family name is Cai.















Cai Chang
Cai Chang.jpg
Born
(1900-05-14)14 May 1900
China

Died11 September 1990(1990-09-11) (aged 90)
NationalityChinese
Known forFirst leader of the All-China Women's Federation
Political partyCommunist Party of China
Spouse(s)Li Fuchun
Relatives
Cai Hesen (brother)
Xiang Jingyu (sister-in-law)

Cai Chang (Chinese: 蔡畅; 14 May 1900 – 11 September 1990)[1][2][3] was a Chinese politician and women's rights activist who was the first chair of the All-China Women's Federation, a Chinese women's rights organization.



Early life


Cai Chang was born in 1900 to a lower middle class family in China. Her mother left her husband, and enabled her children to attend school by selling her belongings. Cai believed strongly in women's education, and spurned the idea of marriage in favor of a vow of celibacy. Her mother aided her in this by avoiding an arranged marriage for Cai. Cai attended the Zhunan Girls' Middle School at Changsha until 1916. In the winter of 1917–1918, she became one of the first women to join the New People's Study Society, a work study program put in place by Mao Zedong and Cai's brother, Cai Hesen. This group advocated for women to create their own self-help groups and to become active in politics.[3]


Cai, her mother, Cai Hesen, and Cai Hesen's future wife Xiang Jingyu went to Europe, where Cai was a factory worker. She studied anarchism, Marxism, and Leninism alongside other Chinese socialist feminist scholars, including at the Communist University of the Toilers of the East in Moscow.[3]


In 1922, Cai married Li Fuchun, a prominent communist.[3]



Career


In 1921, Cai returned to China, where she studied to become a physical education teacher. She taught for four years at the Zhunan Girls' School, which she had attended several years earlier. During this time, she joined the Communist Party of China.[3]


Cai left her teaching job to work for the Central Women's Department in the Nationalist Party in 1925. Two years later, she joined the Central Women's Committee, leading it in Xiang Jingyu's absence. She helped to create the Marriage Decree of 1930, which declared that "free choice must be the basic principle of every marriage."[4] She also helped write the Provisional Constitution of 1931. From 1934–1935, she joined her husband Li Fuchun on the Long March.[3]


Cai was well known in China after 1949, where she led the All-China Women's Federation under the People's Republic of China. Part of her work in the ACWF included creating a strategy to help privileged women take a leading role in scientific and cultural improvements. This earned her criticism, however, as it supported the Communist Party of China's views that emphasized technological and economic improvement over women's liberation and advantaged only powerful women; it did not help lower-class women, but rather returned them to their pre-war roles.[3]



References




  1. ^ 1014. "1990年9月11日 蔡畅因病在北京逝世--资料中心--中国共产党新闻网". cpc.people.com.cn. Retrieved 2018-11-19..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em


  2. ^ "蔡畅 简历 - 名人简历". www.gerenjianli.com. Retrieved 2018-11-19.


  3. ^ abcdefg Rappaport, Helen (2001). "Cai Chang". Encyclopedia of Women Social Reformers. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, Inc. pp. 125–126. ISBN 1-57607-581-8.


  4. ^ "Decree Regarding Marriage". www.marxists.org. Maoist Documentation Project.










1900 births, 1990 deaths, Chinese women's rights activists, Communist Party of China politicians from Hunan, Educators from Hunan, People's Republic of China politicians from Hunan, Politicians from Xiangtan, Republic of China politicians from HunanUncategorized
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