Dão DOC Contents Climate and geography History Viticulture and wines Subregions See also References External links Navigation menuOfficial Journal of the European Union C 187/1, 8.8.2009: List of quality wines produced in specified regionsSpotlight on Portugal's Dão region

Wine regions of PortugalPortuguese products with protected designation of origin


Portuguese wineRegião DemarcadaDão-LafõesCentro, PortugalPortugaltemperate climateRio MondegoDãoappellationTouriga NacionalPort winewine regionplateaugraniteSerra da EstrelaSerra do CaramuloSerra da NaveAtlantic OceanharvestsandysoilQuinta da BicawineAntónio de Oliveira Salazarco-operativesstagnationhygienicwinemakingEuropean UnionmonopolisticindigenousTinta RorizJaenAlfrocheiro PretoEncruzadoreserve winealcohol contentyieldhlhatannicmacerationoakoxidizedbodied,Malvasia FinaBicalalcohol by volume





















Dão
Wine region
Centro NUTS 2.png
Official nameDão-Lafões
TypeDenominação de Origem Controlada
CountryPortugal
Part ofCentro, Portugal
Climate regionTemperate
Soil conditionsSandy on top of Granite
Grapes produced
Touriga Nacional, Tinta Roriz, Jaen, Alfrocheiro Preto and Encruzado
Wine producedDão wine

Dão is a Portuguese wine region situated in the Região Demarcada do Dão with the Dão-Lafões sub region of the Centro, Portugal. It is one of the oldest established wine regions in Portugal. Dão wine is produced in a mountainous region with a temperate climate, in the area of the Rio Mondego and Dão rivers in the north central region of Portugal.[1] The region became a Denominação de Origem Controlada (DOC) appellation in 1990. The Dão region is the origin of the Touriga Nacional vine that is the principal component of Port wine.[2]




Contents





  • 1 Climate and geography


  • 2 History


  • 3 Viticulture and wines


  • 4 Subregions


  • 5 See also


  • 6 References


  • 7 External links




Climate and geography


The wine region is located primarily on a plateau that is sheltered on three sides by the granite mountain ranges of Serra da Estrela, Serra do Caramulo and Serra da Nave. This helps the area maintain its temperate climate away from the effects of the nearby Atlantic Ocean. The region experiences abundant rainfall in the winter months and long, warm dry summers leading up to harvest. The region's vineyards are planted on sandy well-drained soil on top of granite rock.[2]



History


The first efforts to have the Dão region recognized as a separate and unique wine region came mainly from the aristocrat and winemaker João de Sacadura Botte Côrte-Real. Considered to be "the most enlightened viticulturist of his generation", he modernized the processes of winemaking and raised the standards of the wine produced in the region. He had many wine estates, in both Portugal and Spain, but the most celebrated were his Quinta da Aguieira and his wife's Quinta da Bica.


The Dão was first officially recognized as a Região Demarcada in 1908. In the 1940s, to improve the quality of the wine from the region and promote some sort of national identity, the government of Prime Minister António de Oliveira Salazar instituted new regulations establishing the mandatory use of co-operatives in the region. These co-operatives would have exclusive privilege to the grapes grown in the region and were charged with making the wine that would be sold to private merchants. Despite its intent, the regulations had an adverse effect on the Dão wine region by promoting stagnation due to lack of competition, with some co-operative firms releasing inferior quality wine and even practicing un-hygienic winemaking. In 1979, Portugal's application to the European Union prompted authorities to overturn these rules, as the EU discouraged monopolistic practices in the wine industry.[2]



Viticulture and wines




A glass of Dão wine made from Jaen, Touriga Nacional and Tinta Roriz.


The area is home to several dozen varieties of indigenous grapes, with the majority of wine production being made from the Touriga Nacional, Tinta Roriz, Jaen, Alfrocheiro Preto and Encruzado. 80% of the region's production is in red wines, with DOC regulations stipulating that at least 20% of the production must be from Touriga Nacional.[2] Some of the top reserve wine may carry the designation Dão nobre (meaning noble Dão).[3] Another reserve designation, Garrafeira, requires wines to be 0.5% higher in alcohol content then the 12.5% minimum and to spend at least 2 years in aging in oak. The maximum yield for red wine grapes is 70 hl/ha.[4]


The red wines tend to be very tannic due to prolonged periods of maceration during winemaking. Many producers make liberal use of French and Portuguese oak. The style has been improving, with some producers concentrating on making more fruit-forward styles with smoother tannins.[1] Historically, the white wines were known for being over-oxidized and full-bodied, but more modern winemaking has been producing white wines that are fresh, fruity and fragrant. The Encruzado is the principal grape of the area's whites, with some blends of Malvasia Fina and Bical.[2]Garrafeira white wines require at least 0.5% more alcohol by volume than the 11.5% DOC minimum and at least 6 months aging in oak. The maximum allowable yields for white wine grapes is 80 hl/ha.[4]



Subregions


There are seven subregions within Dão which may be indicated on labels together with Dão:[5]


  • Alva

  • Besteiros

  • Castendo

  • Serra da Estrela

  • Silgueiros

  • Terras de Azurara

  • Terras de Senhorim


See also


  • List of Portuguese wine regions


References




  1. ^ ab H. Johnson & J. Robinson The World Atlas of Wine pg 204-205 Mitchell Beazley Publishing 2005 .mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em
    ISBN 1-84000-332-4


  2. ^ abcde J. Robinson (ed) "The Oxford Companion to Wine" Third Edition pg 223 Oxford University Press 2006
    ISBN 0-19-860990-6


  3. ^ K. MacNeil The Wine Bible pg 508 Workman Publishing 2001
    ISBN 1-56305-434-5


  4. ^ ab P. Saunders Wine Label Language pg 250 Firefly Books 2004
    ISBN 1-55297-720-X


  5. ^ Official Journal of the European Union C 187/1, 8.8.2009: List of quality wines produced in specified regions (reflects situation as of July 31, 2009)




External links


  • Spotlight on Portugal's Dão region






Portuguese products with protected designation of origin, Wine regions of PortugalUncategorized
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