2015 Myanmar general election Contents Preparation Possible presidential candidates Results Reactions Political transition Controversy Notes References Navigation menue"Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy Wins Majority in Myanmar""Political parties gear up for 2015 election"the original"Suu Kyi's party says it will contest 2015 Myanmar election even if constitution is not amended"the original"#MyanmarElections2015: UEC issues procedures for international observers""Official Confirms Burma By-Elections Due This Year"the original"Myanmar to Hold By-Elections at End of Year""General Election will be Nov- Dec 2015, says EC chairman | DVB Multimedia Group""Burma plans by-elections for 28 seats this year""Myanmar cancels by-elections""By-elections cancelled""Aung San Suu Kyi: 'I want to be Burma's president'""Myanmar's parliament blocks changes to constitution"Suu Kyi 'will be above president' if NLD wins Myanmar election"Myanmar's Leader May Step Aside After 2015 Elections, Aide Says""Burmese President Purges Party Chief""Daw Suu eyes foreign minister role""Who will her president be?""NLD Wins Absolute Majority in Parliament""The Myanmar Times Election Live""Announcement 93/2015""Announcement 95/2015""(please fill in the original title)""Myanmar election: Aung San Suu Kyi calls for reconciliation talks with military""REPUBLIC OF THE UNION OF BURMA. LEGISLATIVE ELECTION OF 8 NOVEMBER 2015"the original"Myanmar Times - Election Winners.xlsx - Google Sheets""(please fill in the original title)""European Union Election Observation Mission. Myanmar, General Elections, 2015. Preliminary Statement""တပ်မတော်သား တိုင်းဒေသကြီးလွှတ်တော် သို့မဟုတ် ပြည်နယ်လွှတ်တော်ကိုယ်စားလှယ် အမည်စာရင်း ကြေညာချက် အမှတ် (၃/၂၀၁၆)""That's a Wrap: UEC (Finally) Calls Last 11 Election Races""တပ်မတော်သား တိုင်းဒေသကြီးလွှတ်တော် သို့မဟုတ် ပြည်နယ်လွှတ်တော်ကိုယ်စားလှယ် အမည်စာရင်း ကြေညာချက် အမှတ် (၃/၂၀၁၆)"Myanmar 2015 General Elections Fact Sheet"Ethnic Affairs Ministers Defend Seat at Negotiating Table after Suu Kyi Remarks""Announcement 94/2015""Myanmar's Ex-USDP Chair Shwe Mann Concedes Defeat""Myanmar Army, President Endorse Suu Kyi Victory, Vow Stable Transition""President Thein Sein Accepts Suu Kyi's Call for Talks""Thein Sein congratulates NLD""Aung San Suu Kyi's party wins majority, Burma election officials confirm""Burma Election: Aung San Suu Kyi's NLD Party Clinches Landslide Victory""Modi Calls up to Congratulate Suu Kyi on Myanmar Election Win""Myanmar under Transition""Hundred days of Myanmar's democracy""A Blow to Myanmar's Democracy""Why Burmese monks accuse Aung San Suu Kyi of being an Islamist""The first proper election in a generation is a stepping stone to an uncertain future""Myanmar's poll will be less rigged than previous ones, but military rule is far from over""Lashio Voting"e
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Elections in Myanmar2015 elections in Asia2015 in MyanmarBurmese democracy movements
Thein SeinUSDPHtin KyawNLDMyanmarNational League for Democracysupermajoritymilitaryupper houseHouse of Nationalitieslower houseHouse of RepresentativesAssembly of the UnionState and Region HluttawsEthnic Affairs Ministers1990military governmentNational League for Democracy2010 General ElectionUnion Solidarity and Development Partypresidentsecond vice presidentPresidential Electoral CollegeAung San Suu Kyilate husbandher childrenState Counsellor of MyanmarUnion Solidarity and Development PartyNational League for Democracyconstitutional measureAung San Suu KyiNational Unity PartyNational Democratic ForceUnion Election CommissionHouse of RepresentativesHouse of NationalitiesState and Regional HluttawsKyethiMong HsuTatmadawShan State Army - NorthHopangWa Self-Administered DivisionUnited Wa State ArmyShan State HluttawHouse of NationalitiesHouse of Representativesstate and regional legislaturesThein SeinUnion Solidarity and Development PartyNational League for DemocracyAung San Suu KyiUnion Election CommissionThein SeinMin Aung HlaingAung San Suu KyiShwe MannjuntaTatmadawTin OoTin Myo WinHtin KyawMyo AungTin Mar AungKhun Htun OoSai Nyunt LwinAye Thar AungHtin KyawHenry Van ThioVice Presidents of MyanmarNLDHtin KyawAssembly of the UnionAung San Suu KyiState CounsellorNational League for DemocracyHouse of NationalitiesHouse of RepresentativesAssembly of the Unionpresidentfirst vice presidentPresidential Electoral CollegeState and Regional HluttawsMinisters of Ethnic AffairsRakhine State HluttawArakan National PartyShan State HluttawUSDPShan Nationalities League for DemocracyHouse of NationalitiesTatmadawself-administered zoneHouse of RepresentativesShan StateTatmadawState and Regional HluttawsShan StateEthnic Affairs MinistersTatmadawMinisters of Ethnic AffairsUnion Solidarity and Development PartySpeaker of the House of RepresentativesShwe MannPhyuUnion Solidarity and Development PartyHtay OoNational League for DemocracyAung San Suu KyiThein SeinMyanmar Armed Forces,Min Aung HlaingShwe MannThein Seinpolitical reformsAung San Suu KyiMyanmar Armed ForcesMin Aung HlaingBarack ObamaBan Ki-moonFrançois HollandeDavid CameronNarendra Modimilitarydemocratic systemAung San Suu KyiKo NiMyanmardemocracyAung San Suu KyiMyanmardemocracyBurmese MuslimsRohingyasLashioSai Mauk Kham
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330 (of the 440) seats to the House of Representatives 221 seats needed for a majority 168 (of the 224) seats to the House of Nationalities 113 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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General elections were held in Myanmar on 8 November 2015, with the National League for Democracy winning a supermajority of seats in the combined national parliament. Voting occurred in all constituencies, excluding seats appointed by the military, to select Members of Assembly to seats in both the upper house (the House of Nationalities) and the lower house (the House of Representatives) of the Assembly of the Union, and State and Region Hluttaws. Ethnic Affairs Ministers were also elected by their designated electorates on the same day, although only select ethnic minorities in particular states and regions were entitled to vote for them.
These polls were the first openly contested election held in the country since 1990, which was annulled by the military government after the National League for Democracy's (NLD) victory. The poll was preceded by the 2010 General Election, which was marred by a widespread boycott and allegations of systematic fraud by the victorious Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP).
The NLD won a sweeping victory, taking 86 percent of the seats in the Assembly of the Union (235 in the House of Representatives and 135 in the House of Nationalities), well more than the 67 percent supermajority needed to ensure that its preferred candidates will be elected president and second vice president in the Presidential Electoral College. While the NLD only needed a simple majority to carry on the normal business of government, it needed at least 67 percent to outvote the combined pro-military bloc in the Presidential Electoral College (the USDP and the appointed legislators representing the military). Although NLD leader Aung San Suu Kyi is constitutionally barred from the presidency (as both her late husband and her children are foreign citizens), she is the de facto head of government, after being appointed to a newly created office, the State Counsellor of Myanmar.[1]
Contents
1 Preparation
1.1 Cancellation of by-elections
2 Possible presidential candidates
2.1 Before election
2.2 After election
3 Results
3.1 House of Nationalities
3.2 House of Representatives
3.3 State and Regional Hluttaws
3.3.1 Ethnic Affairs Ministers
4 Reactions
5 Political transition
6 Controversy
7 Notes
8 References
Preparation
As the election approached, the ruling Union Solidarity and Development Party confirmed it would contest its winning constituencies from 2010.[2] The opposition National League for Democracy party confirmed it would contest even if a constitutional measure barring Aung San Suu Kyi from running for president was not amended.[3]
The National Unity Party confirmed it would review its winning seats from 2010 and would consider other constituencies to challenge. The National Democratic Force said the party was prepared to challenge in as many as 200 constituencies but was still determining candidates. Ethnic political groups would contest in each state based on ethnic party strongholds, although some indicated they would consider forming an alliance as the Federal Union Party.
Before the election, 91 political parties were registered to take part in 2015.
In July 2015, Myanmar's Union Election Commission (UEC) designated the number of constituencies for running in the 2015 general election of four levels of parliamentary representatives: 330 constituencies for elections to the House of Representatives (the lower house), 168 for the House of Nationalities (the upper house), 644 for the State and Regional Hluttaws (local parliaments) and 29 for ethnic ministers of the local parliaments. The UEC also issued procedures for international observers to follow in monitoring the election, which was preliminarily scheduled for the end of October or the beginning of November.[4]
The Union Election Commission cancelled elections in Kyethi and Mong Hsu townships in Shan State following armed clashes between the Tatmadaw and the insurgent Shan State Army - North. Despite calls by the Shan State Progressive Party to proceed with the elections, the UEC has denied the request, stating that it is not possible to hold free and fair elections in these areas. Elections were further cancelled in some villages in Hopang, Namtit, both of which fall within the nation's Wa Self-Administered Division, and under the control of the insurgent United Wa State Army. The cancellation of these elections will see the vacancy of 7 seats in the House of Representatives and 14 seats in the Shan State Hluttaw.
Cancellation of by-elections
By-elections had been scheduled to be held in November or December 2014, to elect members for six seats in the House of Nationalities, 13 in the House of Representatives, and 11 in state and regional legislatures. The seat vacancies were primarily the result of their former holders' moves to ministerial posts or departmental positions within government, but also included some other constituencies where representatives had died.[5][6][7][8] The by-elections were expected to indicate the relative strengths of the contending parties, including President Thein Sein's Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP) and the opposition National League for Democracy (NLD) party led by Aung San Suu Kyi.[6]
On 7 September 2014, the Union Election Commission cancelled the by-election because the period for campaigning would take place too close to that of the general elections in 2015 and because the results would therefore not have had any political significance.[9][10]
Possible presidential candidates
Before election
In the event of a USDP victory, President Thein Sein was considered the frontrunner to continue as President after the election. Commander-in-Chief of the Military Min Aung Hlaing is close to retirement and was another favourite for the presidency, but may assume the role after a transitional period headed by another ex-military figure. Aung San Suu Kyi has reiterated her desire to become the next president but constitutional changes need to take place before she would be allowed to run.[11] Although Parliament voted against most constitutional amendments on 25 June 2015 meaning that Aung San Suu Kyi cannot become president in the election,[12] Suu Kyi later stated that she would be "above the President" if the NLD won the elections.[13]
Shwe Mann, the former No. 3 in the junta who is now speaker of House of Representatives, considered reform-minded, was the most likely figure to take the mantle from Thein Sein until he was removed from his position within the party on 12 August 2015.[14][15]
After election
While National League for Democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi is constitutionally barred from the presidency, former commander-in-chief of Tatmadaw Tin Oo, Aung San Suu Kyi's personal physician Tin Myo Win, Htin Kyaw, Myo Aung and Tin Mar Aung are mentioned as possible presidential picks and Khun Htun Oo, Sai Nyunt Lwin and Aye Thar Aung are mentioned as possible vice presidential picks after the election.[16][17] On 10 March 2016, Htin Kyaw and Henry Van Thio were nominated as the Vice Presidents of Myanmar by NLD. Htin Kyaw was elected as the ninth president of Myanmar on 15 March 2016 by 360 of the 652 MPs at the Assembly of the Union; Aung San Suu Kyi was appointed as the State Counsellor, a position similar to Prime Minister, on 6 April 2016.
Results
A polling station used for elections. The ballot boxes are at the front, while the voting booths are at the rear.
The National League for Democracy (NLD) obtained a majority of the total seats in both the House of Nationalities and the House of Representatives of the Assembly of the Union, which is enough for its nominees to win election as president and first vice president in the Presidential Electoral College, and for control over national legislation.[18]
The NLD also received a majority of total combined seats in the State and Regional Hluttaws, including 21 of 29 Ministers of Ethnic Affairs. With the final tally of all elected seats (township and ethnic), it is believed they will have the ability to control most local governments and parliaments, either entirely on its own or with the support of ethnic parties. The exceptions to this are the Rakhine State Hluttaw, where the Arakan National Party won a plurality of total seats and is expected to govern with the NLD's support, and the Shan State Hluttaw, where the USDP (which won a plurality of elected seats) and Military Representatives control roughly equal seats to the combined total of the various other parties, led by the Shan Nationalities League for Democracy and the NLD in second and third place, respectively.
House of Nationalities
A ballot paper and rubber stamp in voting booth
168 of the 224 seats in the House of Nationalities (Amyotha Hluttaw) were up for election. The remaining 56 seats (25%) were not elected, and instead reserved for military appointees (taken from Tatmadaw personnel; officially known as "Defence Services Personnel Representatives"). There are 12 members elected per state/region, including one member from each self-administered zone.
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | % | +/–[a] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
National League for Democracy | 135 | 7001603000000000000♠60.3 |  135 | |||
Union Solidarity and Development Party | 11 | 7000490000000000000♠4.9 |  118 | |||
Arakan National Party | 10 | 7000450000000000000♠4.5 | 3 | |||
Shan Nationalities League for Democracy | 3 | 7000130000000000000♠1.3 | 3 | |||
Ta'ang National Party | 2 | 6999900000000000000♠0.9 | 1 | |||
Zomi Congress for Democracy | 2 | 6999900000000000000♠0.9 | 2 | |||
Mon National Party | 1 | 6999400000000000000♠0.4 | 1 | |||
National Unity Party | 1 | 6999400000000000000♠0.4 | 4 | |||
Pa-O National Organisation | 1 | 6999400000000000000♠0.4 |  | |||
All Mon Region Democracy Party | 0 | 5000000000000000000♠0.0 | 4 | |||
Shan Nationalities Democratic Party | 0 | 5000000000000000000♠0.0 | 3 | |||
Independent | 2 | 6999900000000000000♠0.9 | 1 | |||
| Others | 0 | 5000000000000000000♠0.0 | 18 | |||
Military appointees | – | – | 56 | 7001250000000000000♠25.0 | | |
| Total | 100 | 224 | 100 | – | ||
| Source: Myanmar Times,[19] UEC[20] | ||||||
| Division | Constituency Number | Political Party | Name | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chin State | 1 | NLD | Ngun Hay | |
| 2 | NLD | Shan Awr | ||
| 3 | NLD | Henry Van Thio | ||
| 4 | NLD | Zone Hlae Htan | ||
| 5 | ZCD | Pu Gin Kam Lian | ||
| 6 | USDP | Cin Khan Pau | ||
| 7 | ZCD | Kyein Ngaik Man | ||
| 8 | NLD | Mon Law Maung | ||
| 9 | NLD | Khi Swe Win | ||
| 10 | NLD | Larl Min Htan | ||
| 11 | NLD | Hway Tin | ||
| 12 | NLD | Myo Htet (a.k.a. Sa Lite Myo Htike) | ||
| Kachin State | 1 | NUP | J Yaw Wu | |
| 2 | NLD | Sheila Nan Taung (a.k.a. Ann Nan Taung) | ||
| 3 | NLD | Ze Khaung | ||
| 4 | NLD | Naung Na Jatan | ||
| 5 | Independent | Za Khine Tein Yein | ||
| 6 | NLD | Min Swe Naing | ||
| 7 | NLD | Win Zaw | ||
| 8 | NLD | Khin Ma Gyi | ||
| 9 | NLD | Khin Maung Myint | ||
| 10 | NLD | Thein Lwin | ||
| 11 | NLD | Kham Win Thaung | ||
| 12 | NLD | Naing Ko Ko | ||
| Kayah State | 1 | NLD | Phyaeyal (a.k.a. Myint Than Tun) | |
| 2 | NLD | Shay Ral Sha Maung | ||
| 3 | NLD | Bawral Soe Wai | ||
| 4 | NLD | Saw Sein Tun | ||
| 5 | NLD | Shan Mu | ||
| 6 | NLD | Lwee Zae | ||
| 7 | NLD | Aung Kyaw Soe | ||
| 8 | USDP | Kyaw Than | ||
| 9 | Independent | Soe Thein | ||
| 10 | USDP | Sai Thae Sein | ||
| 11 | NLD | Naw Mya Say | ||
| 12 | NLD | Sai Pan Pha | ||
| Kayin State | 1 | NLD | Saw Moe Myint (a.k.a. Samuel) | |
| 2 | NLD | Saw Than Htut | ||
| 3 | NLD | Saw Chit Oo | ||
| 4 | NLD | Nan Moe Moe Htwe | ||
| 5 | USDP | Sai Than Naing | ||
| 6 | USDP | Nan Ni Ni Aye | ||
| 7 | NLD | Naw Christ Tun (a.k.a. Arr Kar Moe) | ||
| 8 | NLD | Mahn Win Khaing Than | ||
| 9 | NLD | Saw B Sam Thein Myint | ||
| 10 | NLD | Myo Aung | ||
| 11 | NLD | Naw Sar Mu Htoo | ||
| 12 | NLD | Saw Yar Phaung Awa | ||
| Mon State | 1 | NLD | Aye Min Han | |
| 2 | NLD | Nwe Nwe Aung | ||
| 3 | NLD | Khin Zaw Oo | ||
| 4 | NLD | Lin Tin Htay | ||
| 5 | NLD | Myat Thidar Htun | ||
| 6 | NLD | Pe Tin | ||
| 7 | MNP | Naing Thiha | ||
| 8 | NLD | Myo Win | ||
| 9 | NLD | Zaw Lin Htut | ||
| 10 | NLD | Soe Thiha (a.k.a. Maung Too) | ||
| 11 | NLD | Hla Myint (a.k.a. Hla Myint Than) | ||
| 12 | NLD | Thiri Yadanar | ||
| Rakhine State | 1 | ANP | Wai Sein Aung | |
| 2 | ANP | Tet Tun Aung | ||
| 3 | ANP | Khin Maung Latt | ||
| 4 | ANP | Kyaw Kyaw | ||
| 5 | ANP | Myint Naing | ||
| 6 | ANP | Aye Thar Aung | ||
| 7 | USDP | Kyaw Thein | ||
| 8 | ANP | Kyaw Kyaw Win | ||
| 9 | ANP | Maung Kyaw Zan | ||
| 10 | ANP | Kyaw Htan | ||
| 11 | ANP | Htu May | ||
| 12 | NLD | Soe Win | ||
| Shan State | 1 | NLD | Zaw Min Latt (a.k.a. Ko Latt) | |
| 2 | SNLD | Sai Tun Aung | ||
| 3 | SNLD | Sai Wan Hlaing Kham | ||
| 4 | SNLD | Sai Ohn Kyaw | ||
| 5 | TNP | Nyi Sein[21] | ||
| 6 | USDP | Sai Sai Kyauk Sam | ||
| 7 | NLD | Sai Lone San Khat | ||
| 8 | NLD | Ma Ma Lay | ||
| 9 | PNO | Khin Thein Pe | ||
| 10 | TNP | Mai Ohn Khine | ||
| 11 | USDP | Kyaw Ni Niang | ||
| 12 | USDP | Sai San Aung | ||
| Ayeyarwady Region | 1 | NLD | Soe Moe | |
| 2 | NLD | Sa Khin Zaw Lin | ||
| 3 | NLD | San Myint | ||
| 4 | NLD | Htain Win | ||
| 5 | NLD | Maung Maung Ohn | ||
| 6 | NLD | Man Tun Kyine | ||
| 7 | NLD | Pya Mto | ||
| 8 | NLD | Ei Ei Pyone | ||
| 9 | NLD | Man Toe Shwe | ||
| 10 | NLD | Thein Swe | ||
| 11 | NLD | May Than Nwe | ||
| 12 | NLD | Kyi Win | ||
| Bago Region | 1 | NLD | San Maung Maung | |
| 2 | NLD | Moe Myint Aung | ||
| 3 | NLD | Shwe Shwe Sein Latt | ||
| 4 | NLD | Win Myat Aye | ||
| 5 | NLD | Tin Tin Win | ||
| 6 | NLD | Min Oo | ||
| 7 | NLD | Mya Thaung | ||
| 8 | NLD | Win Myint Chit | ||
| 9 | NLD | Aye Cho | ||
| 10 | NLD | Win Kyaing | ||
| 11 | NLD | Win Myint | ||
| 12 | NLD | Aung Thein | ||
| Magwe Region | 1 | NLD | Hla San | |
| 2 | NLD | Khin Win | ||
| 3 | NLD | Chit Htwe | ||
| 4 | NLD | Aung Kyi Nyunt | ||
| 5 | NLD | Tin Aung Tun | ||
| 6 | NLD | Win Maung | ||
| 7 | NLD | Than Than Aye | ||
| 8 | NLD | Win Myint | ||
| 9 | NLD | Mya Min Swe | ||
| 10 | NLD | Kyaw Ngwe | ||
| 11 | NLD | Kyaw Swe | ||
| 12 | NLD | Phyu Lwin | ||
| Mandalay Region | 1 | NLD | Than Win | |
| 2 | NLD | Tun Tun Oo | ||
| 3 | NLD | Kyaw Than Htun | ||
| 4 | NLD | Hla Htay (a.k.a. Ohn Kyi) | ||
| 5 | NLD | Aung Myo Latt | ||
| 6 | NLD | Kywel Kywel | ||
| 7 | NLD | Kyaw Tote | ||
| 8 | USDP | Khin Aung Myint | ||
| 9 | NLD | Maung Maung Swe | ||
| 10 | NLD | Kyaw Myint Oo | ||
| 11 | USDP | Soe Aung | ||
| 12 | NLD | Kyaw Thiha | ||
| Sagaing Region | 1 | NLD | Kyaw Thaung | |
| 2 | NLD | Aung Myo | ||
| 3 | NLD | Win Aung | ||
| 4 | NLD | Hla Oo | ||
| 5 | NLD | Ye Htut | ||
| 6 | NLD | Zaw Min | ||
| 7 | NLD | Khin Maung Win | ||
| 8 | NLD | Ko Ko Naing | ||
| 9 | NLD | Maung Maung Latt | ||
| 10 | NLD | Tin Maung Win | ||
| 11 | NLD | Nyi Nyi Htwe (a.k.a. Ko Ko Lay) | ||
| 12 | NLD | Min Naing | ||
| Tanintharyi Region | 1 | NLD | Aung Win | |
| 2 | NLD | Thet Naing Soe | ||
| 3 | NLD | Tun Lin | ||
| 4 | NLD | Han Win Thein | ||
| 5 | NLD | Lin Wai Phyo Latt | ||
| 6 | NLD | Tin Wai | ||
| 7 | NLD | Zaw Hein | ||
| 8 | NLD | Okkar Min | ||
| 9 | NLD | Kin Shein | ||
| 10 | NLD | Soe Thein (a.k.a. Maung Soe) | ||
| 11 | NLD | Khin Maung Win | ||
| 12 | NLD | Khin Myo Win | ||
| Yangon Region | 1 | NLD | Htwe Kywe | |
| 2 | NLD | Htay Oo | ||
| 3 | NLD | Myat Nyana Soe | ||
| 4 | NLD | Than Soe (a.k.a. Than Soe (Economics)) | ||
| 5 | NLD | Ba Myo Thein | ||
| 6 | NLD | Aung Thu | ||
| 7 | NLD | Ye Myint Soe | ||
| 8 | NLD | Kyaw Htwe | ||
| 9 | NLD | Pe Chit | ||
| 10 | NLD | Naw Hla Hla Soe | ||
| 11 | NLD | Aye Bo | ||
| 12 | NLD | Kyaw Naing |
The list of military appointees was published as the UEC Announcement 2/2016.[22]
House of Representatives
There are 330 of 440 seats in the House of Representatives (Pyithu Hluttaw) that are elected, of which 323 were filled after seven seats were cancelled due to the ongoing armed insurgencies in Shan State.[23] The remaining 110 seats (25%) were not elected, and instead reserved for military appointees (taken from Tatmadaw personnel; officially known as "Defence Services Personnel Representatives"). Members are elected to constituencies based on township and population.
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | % | +/–[a] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
National League for Democracy | 12,794,561 | 7001570600000000000♠57.06 | 255 | 7001580000000000000♠58.0 | 255 | |
Union Solidarity and Development Party | 6,341,920 | 7001282800000000000♠28.28 | 30 | 7000680000000000000♠6.8 | 229 | |
Arakan National Party | 490,664 | 7000219000000000000♠2.19 | 12 | 7000270000000000000♠2.7 | 3 | |
National Unity Party | 419,442 | 7000187000000000000♠1.87 | 0 | 5000000000000000000♠0.0 | 12 | |
Shan Nationalities League for Democracy | 352,914 | 7000157000000000000♠1.57 | 12 | 7000270000000000000♠2.7 | 12 | |
Pa-O National Organisation | 224,673 | 7000100000000000000♠1.00 | 3 | 6999700000000000000♠0.7 | | |
Myanmar Farmers Development Party | 171,821 | 6999770000000000000♠0.77 | 0 | 5000000000000000000♠0.0 | | |
Shan Nationalities Democratic Party | 133,486 | 6999600000000000000♠0.60 | 0 | 5000000000000000000♠0.0 | 18 | |
National Democratic Force | 112,285 | 6999500000000000000♠0.50 | 0 | 5000000000000000000♠0.0 | 8 | |
Ta'ang National Party | 97,394 | 6999430000000000000♠0.43 | 3 | 6999700000000000000♠0.7 | 2 | |
Mon National Party | 94,621 | 6999420000000000000♠0.42 | 0 | 5000000000000000000♠0.0 | | |
Kayin People's Party | 82,910 | 6999370000000000000♠0.37 | 0 | 5000000000000000000♠0.0 | 1 | |
Kachin State Democracy Party | 27,877 | 6999120000000000000♠0.12 | 1 | 6999200000000000000♠0.2 | 1 | |
Zomi Congress for Democracy | 27,142 | 6999120000000000000♠0.12 | 2 | 6999500000000000000♠0.5 | 2 | |
Lisu National Development Party | 24,096 | 6999110000000000000♠0.11 | 2 | 6999500000000000000♠0.5 | 2 | |
Kokang Democracy and Unity Party | 13,990 | 6998600000000000000♠0.06 | 1 | 6999200000000000000♠0.2 | 1 | |
Wa Democratic Party | 8,216 | 6998400000000000000♠0.04 | 1 | 6999200000000000000♠0.2 | 1 | |
Independent and others | 1,005,617 | 7000448000000000000♠4.48 | 1 | 6999200000000000000♠0.2 | 11 | |
| Cancelled due to insurgence | – | – | 7 | 7000160000000000000♠1.6 | 2 | |
Military appointees | – | – | 110 | 7001250000000000000♠25.0 | | |
| Total | 22,423,629 | 100 | 440 | 100 | – | |
| Source: Psephos - Adam Carr's Election Archive[24] | ||||||
| Division | Constituency Township | Political Party | Name | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chin State | Falam | NLD | Salai Reyalbal (a.k.a. Salai Yambel) | |
| Hakha | NLD | Nia Oh | ||
| Kanpetlet | NLD | San Khin | ||
| Madupi | NLD | Par Htan | ||
| Mindat | NLD | Nay Lin Aung | ||
| Paletwa | NLD | Sein Aung | ||
| Thantlang | NLD | Ni Shwe Lyan | ||
| Tiddim | ZCD | Chin Sian Thang | ||
| Tonzang | ZCD | Kham Khant Htan | ||
| Kachin State | Bhamo | NLD | Aung Thein | |
| Chipwi | USDP | Zone Taint | ||
| Hpakant | NLD | Tint Soe | ||
| Hsawlaw | LNDP | Lae Mae Lay | ||
| Injangyang | KSDP | Lama Naw Aung | ||
| Kawnglanghpu | LNDP | Armoe See | ||
| Machanbaw | USDP | Nam Mon Htin | ||
| Mansi | NLD | Chin Phae Lin | ||
| Mogaung | NLD | Win Naing | ||
| Mohnyin | NLD | San San Ei | ||
| Momauk | NLD | Win Aung (politician) | ||
| Myitkyina | NLD | In Htone Khar Naw | ||
| Nogmung | USDP | Ji Pan Sar | ||
| Putao | NLD | Moe Swe | ||
| Shwegu | NLD | Zarni Min | ||
| Sumprabum | NLD | Lone Jone Seng Mai | ||
| Tanai | NLD | Lin Lin Oo | ||
| Wingmaw | NLD | La Gan Zal Jone | ||
| Kayah State | Bawlakhe | USDP | Aye Maung | |
| Demoso | NLD | Paw Seng | ||
| Hpasaung | NLD | Nan Htwe Thu | ||
| Hpruso | NLD | We Du | ||
| Loikaw | NLD | Khin Sithu | ||
| Mese | NLD | Than Lin Lin | ||
| Shadaw | NLD | Wint War Tun | ||
| Kayin State | Hlaingbwe | NLD | Khin Cho | |
| Hpa-an | NLD | Nang Than Than Lwin | ||
| Kawkareik | NLD | Soe Htay | ||
| Kyain Seikgyi | NLD | Saw Tin Win | ||
| Myawaddy | NLD | Sein Bo | ||
| Phapun | USDP | Tun Mya Aung (a.k.a. Saw Tun Mya Aung) | ||
| Thandaung | NLD | Son Victor Khalite | ||
| Mon State | Bilin | NLD | Tin Ko Ko Oo (a.k.a. A Tut) | |
| Chaungzon | NLD | Khin Htay Kwal | ||
| Kyaukmaraw | NLD | San Kyaw Wan Maung | ||
| Kyaikto | NLD | Khin Saung | ||
| Mawlamyine | NLD | Naing Thaung Nyunt | ||
| Mudon | NLD | Saw Tun | ||
| Paung | NLD | Mi Kon Chan | ||
| Thanbyuzayat | NLD | Nyan Hein | ||
| Thaton | NLD | Mar Mar Khaing | ||
| Ye | NLD | Aung Tun Khaing | ||
| Rakhine State | Ann | USDP | Thein Swe | |
| Buthidaung | ANP | Aung Thaing Shwe | ||
| Gwa | NLD | Myint Wai | ||
| Kyaukphyu | ANP | Ba Shein | ||
| Kyauktaw | ANP | Oo Tun Win | ||
| Manaung | NLD | Tin Nu | ||
| Maungdaw | ANP | Hla Tun Kyaw | ||
| Minbya | ANP | Sit Naing | ||
| Mrauk-U | ANP | Oo Hla Saw | ||
| Myebon | ANP | Pe Than | ||
| Pauktaw | ANP | Aung Kyaw Dan | ||
| Ponnagyun | ANP | Do Tun Maung | ||
| Ramree | ANP | Kyaw Shwe | ||
| Rathedaung | ANP | Khin Saw Wai | ||
| Sittwe | ANP | Maung Thein Khaing | ||
| Thandwe | NLD | Min Kyi | ||
| Toungup | NLD | Ni Ni May Myint | ||
| Shan State | Hseni | SNLD | Sai Oo Kham | |
| Hopang | WDP | Kyin Wang | ||
| Hopong | PNO | Kham Aung Kyaw | ||
| Hsi Hseng | PNO | Kham Than Htoo | ||
| Hsipaw | SNLD | Sai Thant Zin | ||
| Kalaw | NLD | Pyone Kaythi Naing | ||
| Kengtung | USDP | Steven | ||
| Kongyan | USDP | Le Kyain Phu (a.k.a. Myint Swe) | ||
| Kunhing | SNLD | Nan Khin Saw | ||
| Kunlong | KDUP | Yan Kyin Ral | ||
| Kutkai | USDP | T Khun Myat | ||
| Kyaukme | SNLD | Sai Htun Aung | ||
| Laihka | SNLD | Sai Mone | ||
| Linkhae | SNLD | Sai Ba Thein | ||
| Lashio | USDP | Sai Mauk Kham | ||
| Laukkaing | USDP | Lu Htal Hone | ||
| Lawksawk | USDP | Khin Maing Myint | ||
| Loilen | USDP | Khin Maung Thi | ||
| Mabeine | NLD | Aung Myint Shein | ||
| Manton | TNP | Nang Moe | ||
| Matman | Independent | Tin Aye | ||
| Mawkmai | USDP | Sai Ngo Seng Hein | ||
| Monghsat | USDP | Sai Khattiya | ||
| Mongkhet | USDP | Sel Ki Kaw | ||
| Mong Kung | SNLD | Sai Sang Mai | ||
| Mongmit | NLD | Toe Thaung | ||
| Mong Nai | SNLD | Sai San Thein | ||
| Mong Pan | USDP | Sai Kyaw Moe | ||
| Mong Ping | USDP | Sai Tun Sein | ||
| Mongpyak | USDP | Lin Zaw Tun | ||
| Mongtong | NLD | Aung Kyaw Oo | ||
| Mong Yang | USDP | Sai San | ||
| Mong Yai | SNLD | Sai Thiha Kyaw | ||
| Mong Yawng | NLD | Sai Tun Aung | ||
| Mu Se | SNLD | Sai Phoe Myat | ||
| Namtu | SNLD | Nan Kham Aye | ||
| Namhsan | TNP | Win Htoo | ||
| Namhkam | TNP | Tun Kyaw | ||
| Nansang | USDP | Htay Lwin | ||
| Nawnghkio | NLD | Tun Aung (a.k.a. Tun Tun Hein) | ||
| Nyaung Shwe | NLD | Win Myint Oo (a.k.a. Nay Myu) | ||
| Pekon | NLD | Phoe Maung | ||
| Pindaya | NLD | Soe Myint | ||
| Pinlaung | PNO | Khun Maung Thaung | ||
| Tangyan | SNLD | Sai Aung Pwint | ||
| Tachileik | NLD | Htay Win | ||
| Taunggyi | NLD | Than Ngwe | ||
| Ywangan | NLD | Aung Soe Min | ||
| Ayeyarwady Region | Bogale | NLD | Min Thaing | |
| Dedaye | NLD | Khin Nyo | ||
| Danubyu | NLD | Tin Hla | ||
| Einme | NLD | Thanda | ||
| Hinthada | NLD | Khin Maung Yee | ||
| Ingapu | NLD | Aye Win | ||
| Kangyidaunt | NLD | Shwe Hla Kyaing | ||
| Kyaiklat | NLD | Yan Lin | ||
| Kyangin | NLD | Tun Lin Maw | ||
| Kyaunggon | USDP | Thein Tun | ||
| Kyonpyaw | NLD | Soe Aung Naing | ||
| Labutta | NLD | Aye Kyu | ||
| Lemyethna | NLD | Zaw Min Thein | ||
| Ma-ubin | NLD | Sein Win | ||
| Mawlamyinegyun | NLD | Win Swe | ||
| Myanaung | NLD | Khin Maung Latt | ||
| Myaungmya | NLD | Soe Moe Thu | ||
| Ngapudaw | NLD | Than Aung | ||
| Nyaungdon | NLD | Ohn Lwin | ||
| Pantanaw | NLD | Man Nyunt Thein | ||
| Pathein | NLD | Wai Hlaing Tun | ||
| Pyapon | NLD | Win Htut | ||
| Thabaung | NLD | Thein Tun | ||
| Wakema | NLD | Zaw Thein | ||
| Yekyi | NLD | San Shwe Win | ||
| Zalun | NLD | Aung Min | ||
| Bago Region | Bago | NLD | Shwe Pone | |
| Daik-U | NLD | Phone Myint Aung | ||
| Gyobingauk | NLD | Htay Min Thein | ||
| Kawa | NLD | Hla Than | ||
| Kyauktaga | NLD | Khin Maung Oo | ||
| Kyaukkyi | NLD | Myint Ngwe | ||
| Letpadan | NLD | Kyaw Minn | ||
| Minhla | NLD | Than Aung Soe | ||
| Monyo | NLD | Kyaw Myo Min | ||
| Nattalin | NLD | Khin Aye | ||
| Nyaunglebin | NLD | Myint Thein | ||
| Okpho | NLD | Zaw Min | ||
| Oktwin | NLD | Cho Cho | ||
| Padaung | NLD | Khin Hnin Thit | ||
| Paukkaung | NLD | Ni Nio Dun | ||
| Paungde | NLD | Aye Min Aung (a.k.a. Y Min Min) | ||
| Pyay | NLD | Khin Soe Soe Kyi | ||
| Pyu | NLD | Than Nyunt | ||
| Shwedaung | NLD | Tin Soe | ||
| Shwegyin | NLD | Saw Thalay Saw | ||
| Tantabin | NLD | Zaw Win | ||
| Taungoo | NLD | Khin Maung Than | ||
| Thanatpin | NLD | Myint Oo | ||
| Tharrawaddy | NLD | Aung Myint | ||
| Thegon | NLD | Aung Than | ||
| Waw | NLD | Tin Htwe | ||
| Yedashe | NLD | Kyi Moe Naing | ||
| Zigon | USDP | Nyan Tun | ||
| Magwe Region | Chauk | NLD | Bo Gyi | |
| Yenangyaung | NLD | Thar Cho (a.k.a. Tin Kyaing) | ||
| Salin | NLD | Kan Oo | ||
| Magway | NLD | Myint Oo | ||
| Thayet | NLD | Kan Myint | ||
| Taungdwingyi | NLD | Min Htein | ||
| Myothit | NLD | Thar Aung | ||
| Natmauk | NLD | Aung Tin Lin | ||
| Minbu | NLD | Win Win | ||
| Pwintbyu | NLD | Htun Htun | ||
| Kamma | NLD | Sein Han | ||
| Sinbaungwe | NLD | Nay Htet Win | ||
| Aunglan | NLD | Aung Thu Myint | ||
| Seikphyu | NLD | Aung Thaik | ||
| Saw | NLD | Kyaw Tin | ||
| Mindon | NLD | Khin Than Nu | ||
| Ngape | NLD | Soe Myint (a.k.a. Soe Lwin) | ||
| Sidoktaya | NLD | Kyaw Aung Lwin | ||
| Minhla | NLD | Kyaw Gyi (a.k.a. Ohn Khin) | ||
| Yesagyo | NLD | Toe Shwe (a.k.a. Dr Tin Htay Aye) | ||
| Myaing | NLD | Aung Khin Win | ||
| Pakkoku | NLD | Paik Ko | ||
| Pauk | NLD | Ye Tun Win | ||
| Gangaw | NLD | Yin Min Hlaing | ||
| Tilin | NLD | Myat Lay Oo | ||
| Mandalay Region | Amarapura | NLD | Soe Myint (a.k.a. Aung Zaw Myint) | |
| Aungmyethazan | NLD | Hla Moe | ||
| Chanayethazan | NLD | Myo Naing | ||
| Chanmyathazi | NLD | Sai Hla Thein | ||
| Dekkhinathiri | NLD | Thant Zin Tun | ||
| Kyaukpadaung | NLD | Shwe Ko | ||
| Kyaukse | NLD | Tin Aung | ||
| Lewe | NLD | Myo Zaw Oo | ||
| Madaya | NLD | Zaw Min Lwin | ||
| Mahlaing | NLD | Hla Tung Aung | ||
| Maha Aungmye | NLD | Nyein Thit (a.k.a. Taung Tun) | ||
| Meiktila | USDP | Maung Thin | ||
| Mogok | NLD | Aung Nein | ||
| Myit Thar | NLD | Lin Lin Kyaw | ||
| Myingyan | NLD | Thet Lwin (a.k.a. Paw Khin) | ||
| Natogyi | NLD | Naing Htoo Aung | ||
| Nganzun | NLD | Min Thein | ||
| Nyaung-U | NLD | Saw | ||
| Ottarathiri | NLD | Kyaw Min Hlaing | ||
| Patheingye | NLD | Thaung Htay Lin | ||
| Pobbathiri | NLD | Tin Thit | ||
| Pyigyidagun | NLD | Kyaw Lin Soe | ||
| Pyin Oo Lwin | NLD | Aung Khin | ||
| Pyinmana | NLD | Than Soe Aung | ||
| Pyawbwe | USDP | Thaung Aye | ||
| Sintgaing | NLD | Kyi Moh Moh Lwin | ||
| Singu | NLD | Zaw Win Myint | ||
| Tada U | NLD | Soe Nwe Aye | ||
| Tatkone | NLD | Mae Mae Khine | ||
| Taungtha | NLD | Sit Aye | ||
| Thabeikkyin | NLD | Aung Nite | ||
| Thazi | USDP | Than Soe | ||
| Wundwin | NLD | Khin Maung Soe | ||
| Yamethin | USDP | Ko Ko Naung | ||
| Zabuthiri | NLD | Zayar Thaw | ||
| Zeyarthiri | USDP | Hla Htay Win | ||
| Sagaing Region | Ayadaw | NLD | Khin Maung Thin | |
| Banmauk | NLD | Kyaw Soe | ||
| Budalin | NLD | Myint Han Trun | ||
| Chaung-U | NLD | Myo | ||
| Hkamti | NLD | Aung Than Sein | ||
| Homalin | NLD | Myo Nyunt | ||
| Indaw | NLD | Pyone | ||
| Kale | NLD | Aye Aye Mu | ||
| Kalewa | NLD | Thar Htoo Myint | ||
| Kanbalu | NLD | Hlaing Myint Han | ||
| Kani | NLD | Tun Tun Naing | ||
| Katha | NLD | Myint Kyi | ||
| Kawlin | NLD | Myo Zaw Aung | ||
| Kyunhla | NLD | Tun Win | ||
| Khin-U | NLD | Win Aung | ||
| Lahe | NLD | Thet Naung | ||
| Leshi | NLD | Kyaw Htay | ||
| Mawlaik | NLD | Cho Cho Win | ||
| Mingin | USDP | Maung Myint | ||
| Myinmu | NLD | Soe San Thet Tun | ||
| Myaung | NLD | Htay Ngwe | ||
| Monywa | NLD | Thant Zin Maung | ||
| Nanyun | NLD | Wan Hla | ||
| Pale | NLD | Khin San Hlaing | ||
| Paungbyin | NLD | Tun Wai | ||
| Pinlebu | NLD | Myint Naung | ||
| Sagaing | NLD | Khin Maung Thein | ||
| Salingyi | NLD | Win Thein Zaw | ||
| Shwebo | NLD | A Zin Latt | ||
| Tabayin | NLD | Win Myint Aung | ||
| Tamu | NLD | Naing Naing Win | ||
| Taze | NLD | Myint Tun | ||
| Tigyaing | NLD | Maung Maung | ||
| Wetlet | NLD | Myint Thein | ||
| Wuntho | NLD | Nay Soe Aung | ||
| Ye-U | NLD | Min Thein | ||
| Yinmabin | NLD | Aung Soe | ||
| Tanintharyi Region | Bokepyin | NLD | Nay Lin Tun | |
| Dawei | NLD | Aung Sein | ||
| Kawthaung | NLD | Khin Zaw | ||
| Kyunsu | NLD | Tin Tin Ye | ||
| Launglon | NLD | Khin Sari | ||
| Myeik | NLD | Soe Paing Htay | ||
| Palaw | NLD | Ohn Khin | ||
| Tinnathayi | NLD | Aung Kyaw Hein | ||
| Thayetchaung | NLD | Aung Soe | ||
| Yebyu | NLD | Thet Naing Oo | ||
| Yangon Region | Ahlone | NLD | Ye Lwin | |
| Bahan | NLD | Tun Myint | ||
| Botahtaung | NLD | Myint Myint Soe (a.k.a. May Soe) | ||
| Cocokyun | USDP | Thet Swe | ||
| Dagon | NLD | Thet Thet Khaing | ||
| Dagon Seikkan | NLD | Kyaw Win | ||
| Dala | NLD | Sein Mya Aye | ||
| Dawbon | NLD | Htay Win Aung (Pyone Cho) | ||
| East Dagon | NLD | Myo Aung | ||
| Hlaing | NLD | Aung Kyaw Kyaw Oo | ||
| Hlaingthaya | NLD | Than Myint | ||
| Hlegu | NLD | Thein Tan | ||
| Hmawbi | NLD | Aung Win | ||
| Htantabin | NLD | Nay Myo Tun | ||
| Insein | NLD | Maung Maung Oo | ||
| Kamayut | NLD | Kyaw Min | ||
| Kawhmu | NLD | Aung San Suu Kyi | ||
| Khayan | NLD | Aye Min | ||
| Kungyangon | NLD | Soe Thura Tun | ||
| Kyauktada | NLD | Nay Myo Htet | ||
| Kyauktan | NLD | Aye Mya Mya Myo | ||
| Kyeemyindaing | NLD | Zaw Win | ||
| Lanmadaw | NLD | Khin Maung Win | ||
| Latha | NLD | Khin Moh Moh Aung | ||
| Mayangone | NLD | May Win Myint | ||
| Mingalar Taung Nyunt | NLD | Phyu Phyu Thin | ||
| Mingaladon | NLD | Aung Hlaing Win | ||
| North Dagon | NLD | Khin Maung Maung | ||
| North Okkalapa | NLD | Than Win | ||
| Pabedan | NLD | Nay Pho Ba Swe | ||
| Pazundaung | NLD | Myint Lwin | ||
| Sanchaung | NLD | Bo Bo Oo | ||
| Seikkyi Kanaungto | NLD | Tin Tun Naing | ||
| Seikkan | NLD | Tin Maung Win | ||
| Shwepyitha | NLD | Nyan Lin | ||
| South Dagon | NLD | Aye Naing | ||
| Taikkyi | NLD | Kyaw Myint | ||
| South Okkalapa | NLD | Saw Naing | ||
| Tamwe | NLD | Win Myint | ||
| Thaketa | NLD | Wai Phyo Aung | ||
| Thanlyin | NLD | Lwin Ko Lat | ||
| Thingangyun | NLD | Shwe Hla (a.k.a. Shwe Hla Win) | ||
| Thongwa | NLD | Su Su Lwin | ||
| Twante | NLD | Myint Lwin | ||
| Yankin | NLD | Zin Mar Aung | ||
| Source: The Myanmar Times[25] | ||||
The list of military appointees was published as the UEC Announcement 1/2016.[26]
State and Regional Hluttaws
There are 644 district seats[27] (out of a total of 864)[b][c] in the State and Regional Hluttaws, or Local Assemblies, of which 630 were up for election after 14 seats were cancelled due to the ongoing armed insurgencies in Shan State. These figures exclude the 29 elected Ethnic Affairs Ministers, who have different election parameters and their accountability solely to an ethnic electorate, but also sit alongside the elected district and appointed military members of their respective state/region. There are two members are elected for each township of the state/region. The remaining 220 seats[28] (approximately 25% of each assembly) were not elected, and instead reserved for military appointees (taken from Tatmadaw personnel; officially known as "Defence Services Personnel Representatives").
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | % | +/–[a] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
National League for Democracy | 476 | 7001551000000000000♠55.1 | 474 | |||
Union Solidarity and Development Party | 73 | 7000840000000000000♠8.4 | 411 | |||
Shan Nationalities League for Democracy | 25 | 7000290000000000000♠2.9 | 21 | |||
Arakan National Party | 22 | 7000250000000000000♠2.5 | 4 | |||
Ta'ang National Party | 7 | 6999800000000000000♠0.8 | 3 | |||
Pa-O National Organisation | 6 | 6999700000000000000♠0.7 | | |||
Kachin State Democracy Party | 3 | 6999300000000000000♠0.3 | 3 | |||
Lisu National Development Party | 2 | 6999200000000000000♠0.2 | 2 | |||
Mon National Party | 2 | 6999200000000000000♠0.2 | 2 | |||
Wa Democratic Party | 2 | 6999200000000000000♠0.2 | 2 | |||
Zomi Congress for Democracy | 2 | 6999200000000000000♠0.2 | 2 | |||
All Mon Region Democracy Party | 1 | 6999100000000000000♠0.1 | 7 | |||
Democratic Party | 1 | 6999100000000000000♠0.1 | 2 | |||
Kayin People's Party | 1 | 6999100000000000000♠0.1 | 1 | |||
Kokang Democracy and Unity Party | 1 | 6999100000000000000♠0.1 | 1 | |||
Lahu National Development Party | 1 | 6999100000000000000♠0.1 | | |||
Shan Nationalities Democratic Party | 1 | 6999100000000000000♠0.1 | 30 | |||
Tai-Leng Nationalities Development Party | 1 | 6999100000000000000♠0.1 | 1 | |||
Unity and Democracy Party of Kachin State | 1 | 6999100000000000000♠0.1 | 1 | |||
Wa National Unity Party | 1 | 6999100000000000000♠0.1 | 1 | |||
Independent | 1 | 6999100000000000000♠0.1 | 2 | |||
| Others | 0 | 5000000000000000000♠0.0 | 27 | |||
| Cancelled due to insurgency | 14 | 7000160000000000000♠1.6 | 1 | |||
Military appointees | – | – | 220 | 7001255000000000000♠25.5 | | |
| Total | 100 | 864 | 100 | – | ||
| Source: The Irrawaddy,[29][not in citation given] The Myanmar Times,[25] list of military appointees[28] | ||||||
The list of military appointees was published as the UEC Announcement 3/2016.[30]
Ethnic Affairs Ministers
29 Ministers of Ethnic Affairs for the State and Regional Assemblies were up for election.
"Under the 2008 Constitution, ethnic affairs ministers are elected to a given state or division if that division is comprised of an ethnic minority population of 0.1 percent or greater of the total populace [roughly 51,400 people].[31] If one of the country's ethnic minorities counts a state as its namesake, however, it is not granted an ethnic affairs minister (e.g., there is no Mon ethnic affairs minister in Mon State). Only voters who share an ethnic identity with a given ethnic affairs minister post are allowed to vote for candidates to the position."[32] Ministers are not elected for ethnicities that are a majority of their state or region, or where a state/region already has a self-administered region or self-administered division dedicated to those ethnic groups.[31]
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | % | +/–[a] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
National League for Democracy | 21 | 7001720000000000000♠72 | 21 | |||
Union Solidarity and Development Party | 2 | 7000700000000000000♠7 | 9 | |||
Arakan National Party | 1 | 7000300000000000000♠3 | 1 | |||
Akha National Development Party | 1 | 7000300000000000000♠3 | 1 | |||
Lahu National Development Party | 1 | 7000300000000000000♠3 | 1 | |||
Lisu National Development Party | 1 | 7000300000000000000♠3 | 1 | |||
Tai-Leng Nationalities Development Party | 1 | 7000300000000000000♠3 | 1 | |||
Independent | 1 | 7000300000000000000♠3 | | |||
Shan Nationalities League for Democracy | 0 | 5000000000000000000♠0 | 1 | |||
| Others | 0 | 5000000000000000000♠0 | 6 | |||
| Total | 100 | 29 | 100 | – | ||
| Source: UEC[33] | ||||||
| Division | Ethnicity | Political Party | Name | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Kachin State (4) | Bamar | NLD | Khin Maung Myint (a.k.a. U Dake) | |
| Lisu | NLD | Arti Yaw Han | ||
| Rawang | NLD | Yan Nann Phone | ||
| Shan | NLD | Sai Sein Lin | ||
Kayah State (1) | Bamar | USDP | Hla Myo Swe | |
Kayin State (3) | Bamar | NLD | Taza Htut Hlaing Htwe | |
| Pa-O | NLD | Khun Myo Tint | ||
| Mon | NLD | Min Tin Win | ||
Mon State (3) | Bamar | NLD | Shwe Myint | |
| Kayin | NLD | Aung Myint Khaing | ||
| Pa-O | NLD | San Wint Khaing | ||
Rakhine State (1) | Chin | NLD | Pone Bwe | |
Shan State (7) | Akha | ANDP | Are Bay Hla | |
| Bamar | USDP | Aung Than Maung | ||
| Intha | NLD | Tun Hlaing | ||
| Kachin | Independent | Zote Daung | ||
Kayan (a.k.a. Padaung) | NLD | Khun Aye Maung | ||
| Lahu | LHNDP | Yaw That | ||
| Lisu | LNDP | Gu Sar | ||
Ayeyarwady Region (2) | Kayin | NLD | Gar Moe Myat Myat Thu | |
| Rakhine | NLD | Tin Saw | ||
Bago Region (1) | Kayin | NLD | Naw Pwal Say | |
Magway Region (1) | Chin | NLD | Hla Tun | |
Mandalay Region (1) | Shan | NLD | Sai Kyaw Zaw | |
Sagaing Region (2) | Chin | NLD | Lal Htaung Htan | |
| Shan | TLNDP | Hmwe Hmwe Khin | ||
Tanintharyi Region (1) | Kayin | NLD | Saw Lu Ka | |
Yangon Region (2) | Kayin | NLD | Pan Thinzar Myo | |
| Rakhine | ANP | Zaw Aye Maung |
Reactions
On 9 November 2015, former chairperson of the Union Solidarity and Development Party and Speaker of the House of Representatives, Shwe Mann, conceded defeat to the National League for Democracy's Than Nyunt in his hometown constituency of Phyu, announcing on his Facebook that he had 'personally congratulated' his opponent for the victory.[34]
On 9 November 2015, acting chairperson of the Union Solidarity and Development Party, Htay Oo, announced that the party had conceded defeat in a statement to Reuters.[35]
On 11 November 2015, chairperson of the National League for Democracy, Aung San Suu Kyi, called for 'national reconciliation' talks with incumbent president, Thein Sein, commander-in-chief of the Myanmar Armed Forces, Senior General Min Aung Hlaing, and Speaker of the House of Representatives, Shwe Mann to be set for a later date. All have accepted her invitation.[36]
On 12 November 2015, incumbent President of Myanmar, Thein Sein, who has led political reforms during his tenure, congratulated Aung San Suu Kyi and her party on his Facebook, promising that his current government will 'respect and obey' the election results and 'transfer power peacefully'. Commander-in-chief of the Myanmar Armed Forces, Senior General Min Aung Hlaing, also took to his Facebook to congratulate Suu Kyi, vowing that the Tatmadaw will co-operate with the new government following the transition. This was after a meeting conducted within the Tatmadaw's top ranks.[37]
US President Barack Obama and UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon congratulated Suu Kyi on her victory and praised Thein Sein for his organisation of the election.[38] Suu Kyi also received calls from French President François Hollande, British Prime Minister David Cameron and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi.[39][40]
Political transition
Myanmar's recent political history is underlined by its struggle to establish democratic structures amidst conflicting factions. This political transition from a closely held military rule to a free democratic system is widely believed to be determining the future of Myanmar. The resounding victory of Aung San Suu Kyi’s National League for Democracy in 2015 general elections has raised hope for a successful culmination of this transition.[41][42]
The recent murder of Ko Ni, a prominent Muslim lawyer and a key member of Myanmar’s governing National League for Democracy party is seen as a serious blow to the country’s fragile democracy. Mr. Ko Ni’s murder is feared to be depriving Aung San Suu Kyi of trusted adviser, particularly on reforming Myanmar’s military-drafted Constitution and ushering the country to democracy.[43]
Controversy
Controversy has been raised over such issues as inaccurate voter lists, cancellation of voting in some violent areas, vilification of Burmese Muslims as a campaign tool,[44] and the ineligibility to vote of the Muslim Rohingyas.[45] According to The Economist, "No matter how many millions of Burmese vote against the Union Solidarity and Development Party, which rules the country and is backed by the army, the army will remain the real power in Myanmar."[46]
There have been allegations of fraud in many townships where unknown ballots cast as advance votes boosted the results of the Union Solidarity Development Party. The Union Election Commission has defended these votes, stating that they had arrived before the polling booths closed, and thus they were legitimate votes. In Lashio, where the National League for Democracy was expected to win, there are allegations of voting fraud which pulled USDP candidate and incumbent vice-president Sai Mauk Kham forward by more than 4000 votes. The NLD, Shan Nationalities League for Democracy and Shan Nationalities Democratic Party have agreed to file a complaint with the Union Election Commission. The UEC responded by declaring that the victory of Sai Mauk Kham was legal and that no fraud had taken place.[47]
Notes
^ abcd Net Gain/Loss numbers shown are compared with the results of the previous general election, not with the results of the by-elections in 2012.
^ Sum of the number of seats for election (644) and for the military (220)
^ EODS reported a total of 860.[27]
References
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^ "Lashio Voting".
 Elections and referendums in Myanmar | |
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2015 elections in Asia, 2015 in Myanmar, Burmese democracy movements, Elections in MyanmarUncategorized
